Self-cooling of a micromirror by radiation pressure

Gigan, Sylvain; Böhm, Hannes R.; Paternostro, Mauro; Blaser, F.; Langer, Gregor; Hertzberg, Jared; Schwab, Keith; Bäuerle, D.; Aspelmeyer, Markus; Zeilinger, Anton

doi:10.1038/nature05273

Cited by 936 publications

(968 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This dependence is known as the optical spring effect from the linear variation of optical force with the device's position. In contrast to conventional cavity optomechanics in which the optical spring vanishes when the detuning is zero [26][27][28] , our result shows a maximal negative frequency shift near zero detuning, indicating the strongest negative optical spring. This distinction is because the optical force in our system is generated by the evanescent field outside the cavity, instead of the intra-cavity field.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 89%

Multichannel cavity optomechanics for all-optical amplification of radio frequency signals

Chen

Noh

et al. 2012

Nat Commun

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optomechanical phenomena in photonic devices provide a new means of light-light interaction mediated by optical force actuated mechanical motion. In cavity optomechanics, this interaction can be enhanced significantly to achieve strong interaction between optical signals in chip-scale systems, enabling all-optical signal processing without resorting to electro-optical conversion or nonlinear materials. However, current implementation of cavity optomechanics achieves both excitation and detection only in a narrow band at the cavity resonance. This bandwidth limitation would hinder the prospect of integrating cavity optomechanical devices in broadband photonic systems. Here we demonstrate a new configuration of cavity optomechanics that includes two separate optical channels and allows broadband readout of optomechanical effects. The optomechanical interaction achieved in this device can induce strong but controllable nonlinear effects, which can completely dominate the device's intrinsic mechanical properties. utilizing the device's strong optomechanical interaction and its multichannel configuration, we further demonstrate all-optical, wavelengthmultiplexed amplification of radio-frequency signals.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 89%

Multichannel cavity optomechanics for all-optical amplification of radio frequency signals

Chen

Noh

et al. 2012

Nat Commun

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mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Finally, we discuss how the average phonon occupancy can be retrieved from the spectrum of the optical cavity output. We note that these results can be applied to a wide range of experimental realizations of cavity self-cooling [9,11,12].We treat the laser driven optical cavity mode coupled to the mechanical resonator mode as an open quantum system and adopt a rotating frame at the laser frequency ω L . The system Hamiltonian is given by [16,17] …”

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confidence: 99%

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Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

et al. 2007

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A quantum theory of cooling of a mechanical oscillator by radiation pressure-induced dynamical back-action is developed, which is analogous to sideband cooling of trapped ions. We find that final occupancies well below unity can be attained when the mechanical oscillation frequency is larger than the cavity linewidth. It is shown that the final average occupancy can be retrieved directly from the optical output spectrum.PACS numbers: 42.65. Sf ,42.65.Ky, 42.79.Gn Mesoscopic mechanical oscillators are currently attracting interest due to their potential to enhance the sensitivity of displacement measurements [1] and to probe the quantum to classical transition of a macroscopic degree of freedom [2,3]. A prerequisite for these applications is the capability of initializing an oscillator with a long phonon lifetime in its quantum ground state. So far this has not been demonstrated because the combination of sufficiently high mechanical frequencies (ω m /2π) and quality factors in the relevant regime ω m ≫ k B T has not been reached [3]. In contrast, in atomic physics laser cooling has enabled the preparation of motional ground states [4,5]. This has prompted researchers to study means of cooling a single mechanical resonator mode directly using laser radiation. Early work demonstrated cooling of a mechanical degree of freedom of a Fabry-Pérot mirror using a radiation pressure force controlled by an electronic feedback scheme [6,7], in analogy to stochastic cooling. In contrast, the radiation pressure induced coupling of an optical cavity mode to a mechanical oscillator [cf. Fig. 1(a)] can give rise to self-cooling via dynamical back-action [8]. In essence, the cavity delay induces correlations between the radiation pressure force and the thermal Brownian motion that lead to cooling or amplification, depending on the laser detuning. In a series of recent experiments, these effects have been used to cool a single mechanical mode [9,10,11]. While classical and semiclassical analysis of dynamical back-action have been developed [13,14], the question as to whether ground state cooling is possible has not been addressed.Here a quantum theory of cooling via dynamical backaction is presented. We find that final occupancies below unity can indeed be attained when the optical cavity's lifetime is comparable to or exceeds the mechanical oscillation period. Along these lines, an analogy between this mechanism and the sideband cooling of trapped ions in the Lamb-Dicke regime is elucidated [5]. In our setting the optical cavity mode plays the role of the ion's pseudospin mediating the frequency up-conversion underlying the cooling cycle. Finally, we discuss how the average phonon occupancy can be retrieved from the spectrum of the optical cavity output. We note that these results can be applied to a wide range of experimental realizations of cavity self-cooling [9,11,12].We treat the laser driven optical cavity mode coupled to the mechanical resonator mode as an open quantum system and adopt a rotating frame at the laser freq...

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“…In particular, extensive studies have been conducted during the last decade on how to cool down the effective temperature of the mirror [3,4,5,6,7]. Recently, studies on cavity optomechanical systems have found a wide range of applications such as quadrature squeezing of polariton [8], generation of Kerr nonlinearity [9], and distant state entanglement [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic cycle in a cavity optomechanical system

Ian¹

2014

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. A cavity optomechanical system is initiated by a radiation pressure of a cavity field onto a mirror element acting as a quantum resonator. This radiation pressure can control the thermodynamic character of the mirror to some extent, such as cooling its effective temperature. Here we show that by properly engineering the spectral density of a thermal heat bath that interacts with a quantum system, the evolution of the quantum system can be effectively turned on and off. Inside a cavity optomechanical system, when the heat bath is realized by a multi-mode oscillator modeling of the mirror, this on-off effect translates to infusion or extraction of heat energy in and out of the cavity field, facilitating a four-stroke thermodynamic cycle.

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Self-cooling of a micromirror by radiation pressure

Cited by 936 publications

References 30 publications

Multichannel cavity optomechanics for all-optical amplification of radio frequency signals

Multichannel cavity optomechanics for all-optical amplification of radio frequency signals

Theory of Ground State Cooling of a Mechanical Oscillator Using Dynamical Backaction

Thermodynamic cycle in a cavity optomechanical system

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