Self-crosslinkable complexes based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(itaconic acid) (PIA) and N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) as pharmaceutical hydrophilic matrices

Abstract

The formation and characterization of poly(itaconic acid)/N-methylol acrylamide/poly(ethylene glycol) (PIA/NMA/PEG) complexes through in situ polymerization of itaconic acid on poly(ethylene glycol) was investigated. FTIR indicated that PEG crystallization was hindered by complex formation. The decrease in the crystallinity of PEG was also observed by DSC and indicated that the mobility of some PEG segments was inhibited by the presence of the polyacid. According to the swelling experiments, complexes proved to be suitable for use as excipient in the preparation of drug delivery systems responsive to pH changing. DMA was used to estimate the crosslink densities and the results were found to be in good agreement with the swelling results. Further, the adhesion strength of the synthesized polymers was used as preliminary evaluation of their potential of mucoadhesion. The results indicated that the adhesion performance is related to the presence of NMA. Drugs which suffer degradation in stomach pH, such as proteins and enzymes are potential candidates to be included in the systems based on PIA/ NMA/PEG to pass through the stomach (pH near to 1.2-3.5). Upon reaching the initial portion of the small intestine (pH [5.5), the polymer will swell and release the active substance via diffusion and/or erosion of the matrix.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Temperature and pH Sensitive Physically Cross-Linked Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic Acid) Hydrogels for Drug Delivery

“…This makes IA a very attractive material for oral drug delivery as in acidic conditions the drug is protected. As the device passes through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the pH increases, the gel swells and drug is released, allowing for a targeted controlled drug delivery [7,8]. Most recently, IA was used as a copolymer to achieve pH sensitivity.…”

Improvement of the Performance of Plantation Wood by Grafting Water-Soluble Vinyl Monomers onto Cell Walls

“…This vinyl monomer has adequate biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, swelling properties, and permeability. , Up to now, poly-HEMA has been successfully used in various biomedical applications (i.e., as component of dental adhesives, in soft contact lenses, vascular grafts, soft tissue substitutes, and drug delivery systems). − N -Methylol acrylamide (NMA) is also a water-soluble vinyl monomer that is bifunctional possessing both vinyl and hydroxyl functionality and reactions may be carried out at either group independently. This allows the polymerization with other vinyl monomers and leaves the hydroxyl groups available as postcrosslinkers . For this reason, the modifiers prepared with HEMA and NMA were proposed to improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of plantation wood as the traditional vinyl monomers does.…”

“…This allows the polymerization with other vinyl monomers and leaves the hydroxyl groups available as postcrosslinkers. 29 For this reason, the modifiers prepared with HEMA and NMA were proposed to improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of plantation wood as the traditional vinyl monomers does. Upon the modifiers penetrating into the wood cell walls and the covalent bonds subsequently formed between the cell wall components and modification agent, 30 the performances of the modified wood are expected to be significantly improved only by the reinforcement of the cell wall structure, thus both preventing the modified wood from overfilling of cell lumen and enhancing the interfacial compatibility between the wood phase and polymer phase.…”

Synthesis and characterization of SSS/HAM/AA terpolymer as a fluid loss additive for oil well cement

“…At present, the conventional acrylamide polymer under the condition of high temperature and high salt, easy hydrolysis and occur thermal degradation reaction, lead to the solution viscosity decreased with increasing temperature and salt concentration, thereby limiting its applications. However, n ‐methylol acrylamide (HAM), which is a water‐soluble bifunctional nonionic monomer with polymerizable vinyl and crosslinkable methylol groups, has first introduced as FLA monomer . As we can see, the HAM has a similar structure to acrylamide (AM), which has a widespread application in FLAs.…”