Self-Dispersion: Spontaneous Formation of Colloidal Dyes in Water

Abstract

Communications ExperimentalThe synthesis and purification of bis(dimethylglyoximato)platinum(II) (Pt(dmg) 2 ) has been reported elsewhere [12]. The metal complex was deposited on a cleaved KBr(001) substrate under 4´10 ±7 mbar of residual gas using an organic molecular beam deposition apparatus [29]. The thickness of the evaporated films was controlled by regulating the distance between the substrates and the Knudsen cell in which the metal complex was held. The evaporation temperature was ca. 200 C, and the substrate was kept at room temperature during deposition. The topographic images from atomic force microscopy (AFM) of the evaporated films were measured in air by a Seiko SP-3700 in contact mode. The transmission electron diffraction was taken by a Zeiss CEM-902 with an accelerating voltage of 80 kV. The observed film was stripped from the KBr substrate by immersion in water after being reinforced with an amorphous carbon coating. XRD measurements of the evaporated film on a KBr substrate were performed on a Mac Science MXP-18 diffractometer with Cu Ka radiation source (1.5405 ). Reflections were recorded over a 2y range from 6 to 60.

Novel EDTA-ligands containing an integral perylene bisimide (PBI) core as an optical reporter unit

“…Therefore, several attempts have been performed in order to increase their solubility in aqueous media, either with functionalization in the bay region [12][13][14][15][16] or at the side imide groups. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Recently, we have introduced a series of highly water-soluble PBIs containing anionic (R 1 ) or cationic (R 2 ) Newkome dendronized substituents -representative examples are given in Fig. 1.…”

Molekülverbände von Perylenbisimid‐Farbstoffen in Wasser

“…Aufgrund der sehr starken p-p-Aggregationskräfte ist in diesem Lçsungsmittel allerdings ein beträchtlicher Aufwand zur sterischen Abschirmung des Chromophors vonnçten. [42] Diese lassen sich in einfacher Weise mittels D4-Glasfiltern abtrennen, scheinen aber dennoch langzeitstabile Dispersionen in Wasser zu bilden. [38] Die Aggregation der PBIs kann aber auch mit einfacheren Maßnahmen, wie der Einführung mehrfach geladener ionischer Seitenketten, verhindert werden, was durch Untersuchungen an den Spermin-funktionalisierten PBIs 9 und 10 gezeigt werden konnte (Abbildung 7).…”

“…[41] Grçßere partikuläre Aggregate wurden auch für das Kronenether-funktionalisierte PBI 12 beschrieben. [42] Diese lassen sich in einfacher Weise mittels D4-Glasfiltern abtrennen, scheinen aber dennoch langzeitstabile Dispersionen in Wasser zu bilden.…”

Novel nanosized water soluble fluorescent micelles with embedded perylene diimide fluorophores for potential biomedical applications: Cell permeability, localization and cytotoxicity

“…For a biological application, the water solubility of PDI chromophores is essential. Different water-soluble PDI chromophores possessing hydrophilizing substituent as a sulfonic acid part [23], quaternized amine groups [24], polyethylene glycol attached to the chromophore [25] have been reported. In many cases, no fluorescence in water for these perylene chromophores has been detected.…”