Self-driven liquid metal cooling connector for direct current high power charging to electric vehicle

Sun, Peng; Hen, Zhang; Jiang, Fachao; He, Zhi‐Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.etran.2021.100132

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…There is ongoing work on increasing the charging level to high-power charging (HPC) at about 350 kW to limit the charging time of a personal EV to about 15 min. This could, however, result in very high temperatures around the connector and safety issues [29]. Heavier vehicles could benefit from HPC.…”

Section: Conductive Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging Electric Vehicles Today and in the Future

Leijon

Boström

2022

WEVJ

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It is expected that more vehicles will be electrified in the coming years. This will require reliable access to charging infrastructure in society, and the charging will include data exchange between different actors. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of recent scientific literature on different charging strategies, including for example battery swapping, conductive- and inductive charging, and what data that may be needed for charging of different types of electric vehicles. The methodology of the paper includes investigating recent scientific literature and reports in the field, with articles from 2019 to 2022. The contribution of this paper is to provide a broad overview of different charging strategies for different types of electric vehicles, that could be useful today or in the coming years. The literature review shows that data utilized for charging or discharging includes for example information on the battery, temperature, electricity cost, and location. It is concluded that the preferred charging strategy for an electric vehicle may depend on the type of electric vehicle and when, where, and how the vehicle is used.

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Section: Conductive Chargingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging Electric Vehicles Today and in the Future

Leijon

Boström

2022

WEVJ

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“…The room-temperature liquid metal (LM, gallium alloys) has been widely concerned due to its low-temperature melting point, high thermal and electrical conductivities, and non-toxicity [ 7 , 8 ]. LM has been widely applied to biomedical technology [ 9 , 10 ], flexible electronics [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], soft machines [ 14 , 15 ], high heat-flux thermal management [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], and energy harvesting [ 20 ]. The gallium-based LM has been also used as stretchable electrodes to WTEG due to its excellent fluidity [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Liquid Metal-Enhanced Wearable Thermoelectric Generator

Liu¹,

Li²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Bioengineering

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It is a key challenge to continuously power personal wearable health monitoring systems. This paper reports a novel liquid metal-enhanced wearable thermoelectric generator (LM-WTEG that directly converts body heat into electricity for powering the wearable sensor system. The gallium-based liquid metal alloys with room-temperature melting point (24~30 °C) and high latent heat density (about 500 MJ/m3) are used to design a new flexible finned heat sink, which not only absorbs the heat through the solid-liquid phase change of the LM and enhances the heat release to the ambient air due to its high thermal conduction. The LM finned is integrated with WTEG to present high biaxial flexibility, which could be tightly in contact with the skin. The LM-WTEG could achieve a super high output power density of 275 μW/cm2 for the simulated heat source (37 °C) with the natural convective heat transfer condition. The energy management unit, the multi-parameter sensors (including temperature, humidity, and accelerometer), and Bluetooth module with a total energy consumption of about 65 μW are designed, which are fully powered from LM-WTEG through harvesting body heat.

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“…EVs are frequently powered by lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high power and energy density, low self‐discharge rate, no memory effect, and long life 4 . However, it is complicated to increase the voltage of a cell 5 . In EV applications, multiple cells are usually connected in series to meet the voltage requirements 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 However, it is complicated to increase the voltage of a cell. 5 In EV applications, multiple cells are usually connected in series to meet the voltage requirements. 6 Meanwhile, because of the manufacturing process and working conditions, there are always inconsistencies in parameters like internal resistance, self-discharge rate, and capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐line equalization for lithium iron phosphate battery packs based on voltage threshold integral

Qian

Zheng

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Dissipative equalization is a feasible on‐line equalization method in the battery management system (BMS). However, equalization strategies based on remaining charging capacity (RCC) consistency largely ignore the broader stability and scalability issues that may arise in practical BMS applications, and no explicit methods have been proposed to address these problems. Therefore, this study provides a novel based on the RCC consistency voltage threshold integral method and reveals that the essence of dissipative equalization is to estimate the target equalization capacity (TEC). This part used an integrated approach to estimate the TEC to make the whole algorithm more scalable. Moreover, a dynamic iteration method is proposed for the equalization switching control strategy to ensure a steady equalization process. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by verifying and comparing the battery pack capacity with/without the equalization algorithm using the battery pack model with different consistencies and charging strategies. The result shows that this strategy could achieve a high‐capacity utilization rate (above 98%) of the battery pack and has the potential to be used in real BMS for on‐line equalization.

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Self-driven liquid metal cooling connector for direct current high power charging to electric vehicle

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

Charging Electric Vehicles Today and in the Future

Charging Electric Vehicles Today and in the Future

A Liquid Metal-Enhanced Wearable Thermoelectric Generator

On‐line equalization for lithium iron phosphate battery packs based on voltage threshold integral

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