“…To achieve effective self-management, specific self-care behaviours must be performed on a continuous basis (American Diabetes Association, 2016). Age, gender, education level, financial status, physical function, duration of illness (Alrahbi, 2014;D'Souza et al, 2017;Hara et al, 2014;Keke et al, 2017;Tan et al, 2017), adequate information about diabetes care, support networks (Kurnia, Amatayakul, & Karuncharernpanit, 2017) and an integrated care experience (D'Souza et al, 2017;Veldman, Reijneveld, Lahr, Uittenbroek, & Wynia, 2017) are important factors that influence self-management.…”