Self-employment in the Czech Republic and CEE countries: persons and households

Večernı́k, Jiřı́

doi:10.1080/14631377.2011.595128

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Other regional scholars [67][68][69][70][71][72] have highlighted the differences between engagement in entrepreneurship and self-employment across the Czech regions, and they further point out that the activity is most densely concentrated around larger towns and cities. It is also well known that the Czech business activity consists mainly of self-employed individuals [73,74]. For example, out of 1,150,302 active SMEs in 2017 in the country, 876,957 (76%) SMEs were officially registered as self-employed individuals and 273,245 as legal entities, i.e., business companies [64].…”

Section: Entrepreneurial Activity In the Czech Republicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Czech Republic over the Years 2005–2017

Dvouletý

2019

Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity

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Although there is a rich debate about entrepreneurship and its impact on economic development, much less is known about the actual levels of entrepreneurial activity. The main aim of the article is, thus, to map the level of entrepreneurial activity in the Czech Republic, its structure, and development during the years 2005–2017. The study is based on the secondary data obtained from national structural business statistics, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, and the Labour Force Survey. The average rate of entrepreneurial activity in the Czech Republic was 15.2% of the economically active population aged 15–64 years during the analysed period. The activity is dominated by solo-self-employed workers (own-account workers). Job creators represent only 3.2% of the economically active population. Patterns and cohorts of entrepreneurs were identified regarding gender, age, and education. There were 2.5 times more self-employed males compared to females for the past years, and the proportion of job creators is also higher for males. The Czech job creators are on average older (mostly represented in age cohort 40–49 years) compared to solo-self-employed (mainly represented in age cohort 35–44 years) and they have obtained tertiary education to a larger extent. Classification and monitoring of the Czech entrepreneurial activity might serve as an overview for Czech policymakers and regional scholars. Especially from a job creation perspective, it might be very relevant to understand the characteristics of those individuals who employ other workers, aside from themselves. From an international perspective, this study might serve as an inspiration to shed more light on the national levels of entrepreneurship and self-employment.

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Section: Entrepreneurial Activity In the Czech Republicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Czech Republic over the Years 2005–2017

Dvouletý

2019

Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity

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“…Empirical evidence related to the effectivity and outcomes of self-employment programmes in the Central and Eastern Europe is still very rare, despite the important role of entrepreneurship in the economic development of post-communist economies (e.g., Polok et al, 2016 or Welter andSmallbone, 2011). Večerník (2011) further points out that the involvement of the Czech population in self-employment is among the highest in the European Union. Self-employment is also the most frequent form of entrepreneurship in the Czech Republic (e.g., Lukeš et al, 2014or Chládková, 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Does the Self-employment Policy Reduce Unemployment and Increase Employment? Empirical Evidence from the Czech Regions

Dvouletý

2017

Central European Journal of Public Policy

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Empirical evidence related to the effectivity and outcomes of the self-employment programmes in the Central and Eastern Europe is still very rare, despite the important role of entrepreneurship in the economic development of post-communist economies. The main purpose of this study was to empirically investigate the impact of self-employment subsidy for unemployed in the Czech NUTS 3 regions for the period of years 2012–2015 to provide policy makers supportive material useful for policy adjustments. The study applies quantitative research framework, which is based on the construction of econometric models. Estimated regression models with region fixed effects supported the negative association between the amount of supported self-employed and unemployment rates in the Czech regions. This finding is theoretically framed by the theory of necessity entrepreneurship. Positive spillover of the programme (‘a double dividend’), was econometrically tested on the regional employment rates. Obtained estimates found that there is a positive contemporaneous relationship (weakly significant) between the number of supported self-employed and the employment rates but not in the lag. Analysis of the costs revealed that the costs of self-employment programme are not that high, if one takes into account the alternative costs of unemployment benefits paid to the unemployed and social insurance paid back to the state by the newly established self-employed. Therefore, this tool of active labour market policy has a potential of wider usage. Nevertheless, the applied empirical strategy was based on the regional level and has its limitations. Provided results need to be interpreted cautiously, without any causal inference, because the true outcomes of the programme could be analysed only on the level of supported individuals. Future research should therefore challenge the effectiveness of the start-up subsidy programmes in the Czech Republic on the level of individuals, with focus on the survival rates of subsidized businesses and incomes of their formerly unemployed owners.

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“…the data sets are collected from a rotating panel sample, in which each household is surveyed for four consecutive years. Several comparative computations have already been made using these data sets, most of them returning consistent if not strictly identical results (Eurostat 2010;OEcD 2008;tárki 2009;Vec= erník 2009). the Gini coefficients provided by various sources are presented in table 1. the data differ, but for the most part, the differences are negligible.…”

Section: The Communist Period and The Early Transition: Separate And mentioning

confidence: 78%

Earnings Disparities and Income Inequality in CEE Countries

Večernı́k

2012

Eastern European Economics

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The potential provided by survey data for studying simultaneous changes in earnings disparities, inequality of household income, and the connections between them has thus far been underexploited. This paper presents various data on four Central and East European (CEE) countries, as well as some data on Austria and Germany for the sake of comparison. First, it compares the changes in both distributions over time since the communist period as reported in various sources to see how much disparities and inequality increased during the transition. Second, it presents the attempts that have been made so far to analyze the connections between the two distributions and examines how the relationship between personal and household earnings should be analyzed and what we know about its development. Third, it presents the changing links between earned and disposable income in CEE countries, using Luxembourg Income Study data as a historical baseline and the Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data for the present time to determine how strong the association was and currently is, and how the countries differ in packaging family income. Various sources confirm that earnings disparities and income inequality rose at least to some degree in all four CEE countries after 1989. This is apparent in the individual countries in various phases of their transitions. In contrast, no increase occurred from 2004 to 2007, according to the EU-SILC surveys.Jir= í Vec= erník is a senior researcher and head of the

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Self-employment in the Czech Republic and CEE countries: persons and households

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Development of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Czech Republic over the Years 2005–2017

Development of Entrepreneurial Activity in the Czech Republic over the Years 2005–2017

Does the Self-employment Policy Reduce Unemployment and Increase Employment? Empirical Evidence from the Czech Regions

Earnings Disparities and Income Inequality in CEE Countries

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