Self-esteem and optimism in rural youth: Gender differences

Puskar, Kathryn; Bernardo, Lisa Marie; Ren, Dianxu; Haley, Tammy; Tark, Kirsti Hetager; Switala, JoAnn; Siemon, Linda

doi:10.5172/conu.2010.34.2.190

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Sin embargo, el tamaño del efecto obtenido es muy reducido (δ=.11; Macbeth et al, 2011), lo que podría indicar que realmente las diferencias se deben al amplio tamaño muestral y no a diferencias inherentes a la propia variable en ambos sexos. Como muestran trabajos precedentes, existe una cierta inconsistencia en cuanto a las diferencias en función del sexo (Eloranta et al, 2012;Plagnol y Easterlin, 2008;Puskar et al, 2010). En opinión de autores como Tusaie y Patterson (2006), aunque en general los adolescentes no perciben la posibilidad de sufrir eventos negativos, parece que las mujeres se consideran más vulnerables ante los diferentes eventos estresantes, causando esto un nivel de optimismo ligeramente inferior respecto a los hombres.…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

et al. 2015

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ResumenEl optimismo ha mostrado numerosos beneficios físicos y emocionales en diversas poblaciones y contextos profesionales. Sin embargo, los instrumentos para evaluarlo son escasos y presentan importantes limitaciones, especialmente en población joven. En el presente trabajo se presenta un cuestionario que, mediante 9 ítems, evalúa el optimismo disposicional y se analiza su relación con la personalidad e inteligencia emocional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2.693 jóvenes españoles (M=16.52, DT=1.38), de los cuales el 51.10% fueron hombres. La inteligencia emocional se evaluó con el cuestionario Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, mientras que los cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad se midieron mediante la escala Overall Personality Assessment Scale. El cuestionario de optimismo muestra una fiabilidad elevada (α=.84), siendo preciso para un amplio rango de habilidad (θ entre -3 y +2), así como un ajuste aceptable a una estructura unidimensional. Se confirma la elevada relación entre el optimismo y los rasgos de personalidad e inteligencia emocional. Palabras clave: evaluación, optimismo, personalidad, inteligencia emocional. AbstractOptimism has been shown to have numerous physical and emotional benefits in a range of populations and professional contexts. Nonetheless, there are few instruments for its evaluation and they have significant limitations, especially in young people. This work presents a questionnaire which, through 9 items, evaluates dispositional optimism and analyses its relationship to personality and emotional intelligence. The sample was made up of 2,963 Spanish adolescents of whom 51.10% were male. Emotional intelligence was measured using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, while the big-five personality traits were measured using the Overall Personality Assessment Scale. The optimism questionnaire demonstrated high reliability (α=.84), it was accurate over a wide ability range (θ from -3 to +2) and gave an acceptable fit to a unidimensional structure. The clear relationship between optimism, personality traits and emotional intelligence was confirmed.

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Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

et al. 2015

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“…Optimism has been described as a general tendency to expect a positive outcome even in the face of obstacles or when bad things happen (Scheier & Carver, 1985;Scheier & Carver, 1987). Optimism is indicated to have a positive affect on physical and psychosocial well-being, such as: Depressive symptomology, the impact of stress, self esteem, forming and maintaining relationships, choice of coping strategies, adjustment to university life, scholastic competence, and perception of support (Aspinwall & Taylor, 1992;Fass & Tubman, 2002;Ferguson & Goodwin, 2010;Hatchett & Park, 2004;Krypel & Henderson-King, 2010;Nes & Segerstron, 2006;Puskar et al, 2010).…”

Section: Transition To Universitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience: The Role of Optimism, Perceived Parental Autonomy Support and Perceived Social Support in First Year University Students

Dawson¹,

Pooley²

2013

Journal of Education and Training Studies

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“…Literature has highlighted the benefits that optimism have on physical and psychosocial wellbeing, i. e. reducing depressive symptoms and stress impact, enhancing self-esteem, forming and maintaining relationships, and favoring adjustment to university life (Ferguson & Goodwin, 2010;Hatchett & Park, 2004;Krypel & Henderson-King, 2010;Puskar et al, 2010). In a recent study, it was found that optimistic students were more academically engage that non-optimistic ones (Ouweneel et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimism and resilience among university students

Gómez‐Molinero¹,

Zayas²,

González³

et al. 2018

Revista INFAD de Psicología

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University life is full of stressful stimuli that can contribute to psychological distress and lower performance levels. Despite academic demands, university students also face new stressors, such as different social networks, financial changes, and adaptation to new family and social roles that may have a negative impact on their mental health (Pidgeon & Pickett, 2017). In this sense, resilience literature has gained acceptance explaining how some students successfully adapt to university life while others find great challenges. Since resilience has been defined as the ability to successfully adapt in the face of stress and adversity, it is important to determine what psychological factors contribute enhancing this resilience levels. One of the factors related to life adaptation is optimism, understood as the general expectancy of obtaining positive outcomes in the future (Scheier & Carver, 1985). Hence, the aim of this study is to study the relationship between optimism and resilience among a sample of university students in Spain.The sample was comprised of 132 students from the University of Cádiz (Spain). Participants were selected by quota sampling from first to last year of studies. The majority of students (72.5%) were female and average age was 21.71 (range = 18-48, SD = 3.75). Participants completed the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (Spanish version adapted by Novella, 2002) We performed hierarchical multiple regression analysis and obtained that optimism explained 25% of resilience among university students (R 2 = .25, β = .49). No gender and age differences were observed. Thus, identifying the factors that influence students' adjustment to university life can improve the targeting of interventions to improve university academic performance. Moreover, this research could contribute helping students to successfully face this life transition, increasing their well-being and life satisfaction levels and decreasing university absenteeism.

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Self-esteem and optimism in rural youth: Gender differences

Cited by 65 publications

References 26 publications

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

Resilience: The Role of Optimism, Perceived Parental Autonomy Support and Perceived Social Support in First Year University Students

Optimism and resilience among university students

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