Self-esteem in schizophrenia: Relationships between self-evaluation, family attitudes, and symptomatology.

Barrowclough, Christine; Tarrier, Nicholas; Humphreys, Lloyd G.; Ward, Jonathan; Gregg, Lynsey; Andrews, Bernice

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.92

Cited by 237 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A recent publication highlights the predictive worth of perceived criticism to quality of life and to the patients' conceptions of their illness. 40 Our results are in line with Barrowclough and colleagues, 28 who reported that negative self-concepts mediate the association between family atmosphere and paranoia on a cross-sectional level. Our findings of a vicious cycle presented in figure 1 confirm and extend their findings on a longitudinal level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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The Vicious Cycle of Family Atmosphere, Interpersonal Self-concepts, and Paranoia in Schizophrenia—A Longitudinal Study

Hesse

Kriston

Mehl

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

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Recent cognitive models of paranoid delusions highlight the role of self-concepts in the development and maintenance of paranoia. Evidence is growing that especially interpersonal self-concepts are relevant in the genesis of paranoia. In addition, negative interpersonal life-experiences are supposed to influence the course of paranoia. As dysfunctional family atmosphere corresponds with multiple distressing dyadic experiences, it could be a risk factor for the development and maintenance of paranoia. A total of 160 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were assessed twice within 12 months. Standardized questionnaires and symptom rating scales were used to measure interpersonal self-concepts, perceived family atmosphere, and paranoia. Data were analyzed using longitudinal cross-lagged structural equation models. Perceived negative family atmosphere was associated with the development of more pronounced negative interpersonal self-concepts 12 months later. Moreover, paranoia was related to negative family atmosphere after 12 months as well. As tests revealed that reversed associations were not able to explain the data, we found evidence for a vicious cycle between paranoia, family atmosphere, and interpersonal self-concepts as suggested by theoretical/ cognitive model of paranoid delusions. Results suggest that broader interventions for patients and their caretakers that aim at improving family atmosphere might also be able to improve negative self-concepts and paranoia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…27 In a crosssectional study, Barrowclough and colleagues 28 found an association between family atmosphere, negative selfevaluation, and positive symptoms. A more critical attitude from family members was associated with a more pronounced negative self-evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vicious Cycle of Family Atmosphere, Interpersonal Self-concepts, and Paranoia in Schizophrenia—A Longitudinal Study

Hesse

Kriston

Mehl

et al. 2015

SCHBUL

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“…Krabbendam et al (2005) found that patients who were hallucinating at baseline were more likely to have psychotic symptoms 3 years later if they also exhibited depressed mood at baseline. Barrowclough et al (2003) found that schizophrenia patients with a negative selfevaluation scored higher on the positive symptoms subscale measuring hallucinations and delusions. Smith et al (2006) examined patients who suffered relapses in psychosis and showed that those with worse depression, self-esteem, and negative beliefs, had persecutory delusions of greater severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Healthy people with delusional ideation change their mind with conviction

Rodier

Prévost

Renoult

et al. 2011

Psychiatry Research

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Emotional distress and reasoning biases are two factors known to contribute to delusions. As a step towards elucidating mechanisms underlying delusions, the main aim of this study was to evaluate a possible "jumping to new conclusions" reasoning bias in healthy people with delusional ideation and its association with emotions. We surveyed 80 healthy participants, measuring levels of depression, anxiety, cognitive error and delusional ideation. Participants completed two versions of the beads task to evaluate their reasoning style. Results showed that people with delusional ideation reached a conclusion after less information, as expected. Interestingly, they also tended to change their conclusions more often than people without delusional ideation and did so with greater conviction. Depression and cognitive errors were strong predictors of delusional ideation but not of reasoning style. We conclude that delusional ideation in non-psychotic individuals is independently predicted by depressive symptoms and by a high conviction in new conclusions.

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“…Each item is scored on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1 (never) to 7 (always). Negative evaluative beliefs about the self have been found to be independently associated with symptoms of psychosis 28,37 ; therefore, we used the negative subscale score as the variable for our analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the Occurrence, Conviction, Distress, and Disruption of Different Delusional Experiences in the Daily Life of People with Schizophrenia

Ben‐Zeev

Swendsen

Granholm

2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

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Recent research has shown that negative emotional states of increased anxiety and sadness prospectively predict the occurrence of persecutory ideation, but it is not known whether these findings extend to other subtypes of delusions. The current study explored whether these negative emotional states, as well as hallucinations, biased reasoning style (ie, jumping to conclusions), and negative self-esteem prospectively predict the occurrence and various dimensions of delusions of control, reference, and grandiosity in real time, as they occur in daily life. One hundred and thirty community-dwelling participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed laboratory measures and momentary self-reports generated by a personal digital assistant multiple times per day, over 7 consecutive days. Analyses were time lagged allowing simultaneous examination of person-level and within-person time-varying relationships among the variables. Approximately, half of the participants reported having at least one delusional experience during the week, and approximately, a quarter of those individuals reported experiencing all 3 delusion subtypes. Hallucinations were a significant predictor of the occurrence of delusions of control and reference over the subsequent hours of the same day, but negative emotional states of anxiety and sadness were not. Negative selfesteem predicted the frequency of all 3 delusion subtypes during the week, and a reasoning style characterized by reduced information gathering was a significant predictor of the frequency of delusions of control. Delusional dimensions of conviction, distress, and disruption had different associations with the variables tested for each delusion subtype.

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Self-esteem in schizophrenia: Relationships between self-evaluation, family attitudes, and symptomatology.

Cited by 237 publications

References 46 publications

The Vicious Cycle of Family Atmosphere, Interpersonal Self-concepts, and Paranoia in Schizophrenia—A Longitudinal Study

The Vicious Cycle of Family Atmosphere, Interpersonal Self-concepts, and Paranoia in Schizophrenia—A Longitudinal Study

Healthy people with delusional ideation change their mind with conviction

Predicting the Occurrence, Conviction, Distress, and Disruption of Different Delusional Experiences in the Daily Life of People with Schizophrenia

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