Self-Esteem of Adolescent Females as Related to Race, Economic Status, and Area of Residence

Housley, Kathleen L.; Martin, Sue; Coy, Harriett Mc; Greenhouse, Phyllis; Stigger, Flavelia; Chopin, L.

doi:10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.559

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, unemployed persons are given a living allowance only in Kuwait and Oman. based on Housley, Martin, McCoy, Greenhouse, and Stigger's (1987) results, the correlations between self-esteem and both per-capita income and unemployment rate (N = 2,643) were .17 (p < .0001) and −.15 (p < .0001), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Self-Esteem among College Students from Four Arab Countries

Abdel‐Khalek

Korayem²,

El-Nayal

2012

Psychol Rep

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This study had three objectives: (a) to compare undergraduates from four Arab countries on self-esteem, (b) to explore the sex-related differences in self-esteem in these four Arab countries, and (c) to examine the association of self-esteem with both per-capita income and unemployment rate. Four samples of 2,643 students were recruited from Egypt (n = 576), Kuwait (n = 674), Lebanon (n = 826), and Oman (n = 567). They responded to the Arabic version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Kuwaiti and Omani men had a significantly higher mean score on self-esteem than did Egyptian and Lebanese men. Egyptian women scored significantly lower than the Omani women, but the effect size was small. Regarding the sex-related differences in self-esteem, Kuwaiti men had a significantly higher mean score than did their female peers, but the effect size was small, whereas there were no significant sex differences in the other samples. The sex-related difference in self-esteem is a controversial result and it may not be replicable in different countries. It was suggested that self-esteem is associated with high per-capita income and low unemployment rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Self-Esteem among College Students from Four Arab Countries

Abdel‐Khalek

Korayem²,

El-Nayal

2012

Psychol Rep

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“…55,76‐78 Depression, mental health problems, and other indices of distress are more common in lower SES groups than in middle or upper SES groups. 66,79‐81 It is possible that poorer mental health is responsible for lower SES, but data suggest that SES is more likely to be antecedent to distress. A longitudinal study spanning 17 years indicated that incomes below the poverty level were associated with an increased likelihood of difficulties with activities of daily living, even after controlling for age, sex, and health behaviors.…”

Section: Stress and Sesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Stress: Does Stress Account for SES Effects on Health?

Baum

Garofalo

Yali

1999

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

722

470

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Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important predictor of a range of health and illness outcomes. Research seeking to identify the extent to which this often-reported effect is due to protective benefits of higher SES or to toxic elements of lower social status has not yielded consistent or conclusive findings. A relatively novel hypothesis is that these effects are due to chronic stress that is associated with SES; lower SES is reliably associated with a number of important social and environmental conditions that contribute to chronic stress burden, including crowding, crime, noise pollution, discrimination, and other hazards or stressors. In other words, chronic stress may capture much of the variance in health and social outcomes associated with harmful aspects of lower social status. Low SES is generally associated with distress, prevalence of mental health problems, and with health-impairing behaviors that are also related to stress. Research targeting this hypothesis is needed to determine the extent to which stress is a pathway linking SES and health.

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“…On one side, a study from Australia (Gordon & Caltabiano, 1996) has indicated that rural adolescents scored higher on SE but a study among American children indicated thatrural/urban dichotomy is less pronounced in term of SE (Yang & Fetsch, 2007). In another study in the American population, economic status appears to be related to SE rather than urban-rural residency (Housley et al, 1987). A study from Australia indicates that urban-rural residency has little bearing on SE but the presence of risk-taking trait and sedentary lifestyle are contributing factors to the direction of SE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differences Among Self-Esteem in a Nationally Representative Sample of 15-17-Year-Old Omani Adolescents

Zayed¹,

Jeyaseelan²,

Al-Adawi³

et al. 2019

JPR

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This study aimed to understand the association between self-esteem (SE) and gender, age, body mass index (BMI) and rural-urban dichotomy among Omani teenagers. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted using generalized linear models to study the impact of gender, age, BMI, and place of residence on the SE score after adjusting for other variables. Of the 4,432 teenagers studied, 47.4% were boys and 52.6% girls. The majority (64.4%) were from rural areas and 35.6% from urban areas of Oman. About 23% were physically underweight, while 51% were normal and 26.2% were overweight or obese. The results of this study revealed that Omani girls have higher SE than boys. It also showed that no relationship between SE and BMI. Finally, the results showed that children residing in rural areas had higher SE than those in city dweller.

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Self-Esteem of Adolescent Females as Related to Race, Economic Status, and Area of Residence

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Self-Esteem among College Students from Four Arab Countries

Self-Esteem among College Students from Four Arab Countries

Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Stress: Does Stress Account for SES Effects on Health?

Differences Among Self-Esteem in a Nationally Representative Sample of 15-17-Year-Old Omani Adolescents

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