Self-Etch Silane Primer: Reactivity and Bonding with a Lithium Disilicate Ceramic

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the stability, reactivity, and bond strength with a lithium disilicate ceramic of a self-etch silane primer (Monobond Etch and Prime/MEP). The stability was evaluated by 1H-,31P-NMR spectroscopy (before/after aging), and the reactivity by micro MIR-FTIR spectroscopy on Ge surfaces (0, 1, 24 h) using a prehydrolyzed silane primer (Calibra Silane Coupling Agent/CLB), as a control. The effect of MEP vs. 5% HF-etching on ceramic roughness was assessed by optical profilometry. The shear bond strength (SBS) of a resin composite bonded to polished ceramic surfaces treated with MEP, HF without silane (HF+NS), HF+CLB, and HF+MEP (n = 20) was evaluated after storage in water (A: 37 °C/1 week, B: 5000×/5–55 °C and C: 100 °C/24 h). Aging did not affect the silanol groups of MEP, but only the phosphate co-monomer. Silanols were reactive forming siloxanes, but exhibited lower consumption rate than CLB. HF-etching induced significantly higher values than MEP, in all the roughness parameters tested (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Sc, Sv), with the greatest differences found in Sdr and Sv. For SBS, MEP was inferior to all treatments/storage conditions, except of HF+NS in A, where the values were similar. However, on a HF-etched substrate, MEP provided highest strength and reliability.

Effect of Different Surface Treatments of Lithium Disilicate on the Adhesive Properties of Resin Cements

“…It was demonstrated that the bonding mechanism of EP is related to the interaction of phosphoric monomers and ceramic ions rather than the methacrylate silane bonding to the glass ceramic. After aging, the self-etching silane primer was stable, retaining the original silanol activity; however, the stability of the phosphate comonomer was affected, leading to values even lower than those of the negative control (HF-etched substrate without silane) [33]. In the current study, we tested SBS immediately after storing the samples at room temperature for 24 h without thermocycling.…”

“…Schestatsky et al showed that surface treatment with EP led to similar fatigue performance when compared to HF + silane application for both CAD and Press processing techniques, but it tended to provide higher mechanical reliability [30]. On the other hand, Dimitriadi et al demonstrated a significantly lower SBS with EP in all treatments/storage conditions in comparison to HF + silane [33]. When HF was used without silane, similar SBS values were recorded after storage in distilled water at 37 • C for 1 week, but after thermocycling (5000 × 5 • C-55 • C, 20 s dwell time) or accelerated aging conditions (immersion in 100 • C water for 24 h), EP showed even significantly lower SBS than HF without silane.…”

Silane-coupling effect of a silane-containing self-adhesive composite cement

“…The mechanisms involved mainly in bonding to dental ceramics and composites are micro-mechanical interlocking and chemical binding [2][3][4]. Micro-mechanical interlocking can be obtained by either etching glass-rich ceramics, commonly using hydrofluoric-acid (HF), or by sandblasting, which is preferentially recommended to provide micro-mechanical interlocking at the surface of composite CAD/CAM blocks.…”

“…Most commercial one-bottle and thus silane-coupling primers are supplied in a water-free solvent, upon which the silane is activated when clinically applied. To avoid having to use the rather caustic HF, even not used in certain countries, and to simplify ceramic-bonding procedures, combined etching and silanization has more recently been made possible with the introduction of Monobond Etch & Prime (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) [2,3,8]. Previous research showed that silane-containing so-called 'universal' adhesives did not have enough silane-coupling effect [7,9].…”

Confocal Raman Microscopy Analysis of Ceramic-Resin Cement Junction: New Self-Etching Ceramic Primer Compared with Classic Protocol

“…However, HF can be toxic to the human body as well as the environment-imprudent users run the risk of suffering from acute and chronic symptoms [9,10]. To simplify the pretreatment, a new self-etching ceramic primer is proposed in this study, which can be used to replace the aforementioned process with a safer, onestep protocol [11,12]. This process, which conducts etching and salinization simultaneously, serves as a viable alternative to the classic protocol.…”