Self-Extinguishing Lithium Ion Batteries Based on Internally Embedded Fire-Extinguishing Microcapsules with Temperature-Responsiveness

Abstract

User safety is one of the most critical issues for the successful implementation of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles and their further expansion in large-scale energy storage systems. Herein, we propose a novel approach to realize self-extinguishing capability of LIBs for effective safety improvement by integrating temperature-responsive microcapsules containing a fire-extinguishing agent. The microcapsules are designed to release an extinguisher agent upon increased internal temperature of an LIB, resulting in rapid heat absorption through an in situ endothermic reaction and suppression of further temperature rise and undesirable thermal runaway. In a standard nail penetration test, the temperature rise is reduced by 74% without compromising electrochemical performances. It is anticipated that on the strengths of excellent scalability, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, this novel strategy can be extensively applied to various high energy-density devices to ensure human safety.

Advanced Separators for Lithium‐Ion and Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Review of Recent Progress

“…Introduction of as timuli-responsivep olymer coating onto the polyolefin separators is an emerging approach to enhance the safety performance of the separator.Aself-extinguishing separatorw as proposed recently. [24] This novel separator consisted of aP El ayer and am icrocapsule coating. The coated microcapsules contained (1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-pentane) (DMTP), which is fire distinguishing ( Figure 2A).…”

“…(A) Pictures of the electrolytes with different additives after ignition using aconventional lighter (left) and as chematicshowing the fabricationp rocess of the DMTP microcapsule-coated separator and its working mechanism (right);r eproduced with permission from Ref [24]. copyright 2015 American Chemical Society.…”

3D‐Printed, Carbon‐Nanotube‐Wrapped, Thermoresponsive Polymer Spheres for Safer Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…[14] In another form of additive,Y im et al reported the use of microencapsulated fire-extinguishing agent, dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), which was able to absorb heat from the LIB at elevated temperatures. [19] In another reported use of thermoresponsive polymer, Baginska et al coatedp olyethylene (PE) microspheres ontot he anode,w hich melts at 110 8C, preventing furtheri onic conduction between the electrodes. [20,21] Most recently,C hen et al adapted thermoresponsive PE and made ac onductive film by mixing spiky Ni/Gr particles.…”

Study on the fire risk associated with a failure of large‐scale commercial LiFePO4/graphite and LiNixCoyMn1‐x‐yO2/graphite batteries

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Factors including the battery materials, 18,19 states of charge (SOC), 20,21 battery states, 22 heating modes, 23 ambient pressures, 13 battery modules, 24 and incident heat fluxes, 8 impacting the fire behavior of LIBs were focused. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Factors including the battery materials, 18,19 states of charge (SOC), 20,21 battery states, 22 heating modes, 23 ambient pressures, 13 battery modules, 24 and incident heat fluxes, 8 impacting the fire behavior of LIBs were focused.…”

“…Previous researches on thermal behavior and fire hazards of LIB have been performed at small format battery. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Factors including the battery materials, 18,19 states of charge (SOC), 20,21 battery states, 22 heating modes, 23 ambient pressures, 13 battery modules, 24 and incident heat fluxes, 8 impacting the fire behavior of LIBs were focused. Ribiere et al 25 identified and quantified the toxic emissions (NO, HCl, HF, etc.)…”