Self-fertilization and restoration to cytoplasmic male sterility of some wild species of helianthus

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine self-fertility and restoration capability of cytoplasmic male fertility of some wild sunflower genotypes. The evaluated genotypes were Helianthus petiolaris spp. petiolaris (E-142), Helianthus neglectus (E-017) and Helianthus annuus (E-060, E-173, E-174 and E-175). For hybridization, the female inbred line 2453-A was used. Results showed that self fertility ratios of wild sunflower genotypes varied between 22.4 and 66.1%. The highest level of self fertility was observed in Helianthus petiolaris spp. petiolaris (E-142), while Helianthus neglectus had the lowest values. The E-060 and E-174 genotypes did not restore cytoplasmic male sterility in the hybrids tested.

Historic breeding practices contribute to germplasm divergence in leaf specialized metabolism and ecophysiology in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

“…Hybrid breeding programs are simplified by securing genetic sources of male sterility and complementary sources of fertility-restoring alleles or genes (Bohra et al, 2016). Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is leveraged as the source of male sterility in crops such as sunflower, maize, and rice, where the presence or absence of particular mitochondrial or nuclear alleles either disable or restore mitochondrial processes during pollen formation, allowing for controlled inhibition of successful pollen production (Onemli and Gucer, 2010; Meena et al, 2017). Three types of parental lines are needed for hybrid breeding programs in cultivated sunflower: CMS lines, HA ( Helianthus annuus )-maintainer lines, and RHA (restorer Helianthus annuus )-fertility-restoring (RHA-restorer) lines (Bohra et al, 2016).…”

“…In cultivated sunflower, CMS was initially discovered by P. Leclercq in France, followed by the discovery of an associated fertility restoration source in the USA by M. L. Kinman (Vear, 2016; Radanović et al, 2018). Currently, there are over 70 reported sources of CMS and 30 sources of complementary nuclear fertility restoration alleles in cultivated sunflower (Davey and Jan, 2010; Onemli and Gucer, 2010). However, most CMS sources in cultivated sunflower are unstable and thus not viable for use in heterotic breeding, especially at an industrial scale (Davey and Jan, 2010; Onemli and Gucer, 2010).…”

“…Currently, there are over 70 reported sources of CMS and 30 sources of complementary nuclear fertility restoration alleles in cultivated sunflower (Davey and Jan, 2010; Onemli and Gucer, 2010). However, most CMS sources in cultivated sunflower are unstable and thus not viable for use in heterotic breeding, especially at an industrial scale (Davey and Jan, 2010; Onemli and Gucer, 2010). Therefore, the adoption of CMS in cultivated sunflower breeding programs comes from a few genetic sources.…”

“…Therefore, the adoption of CMS in cultivated sunflower breeding programs comes from a few genetic sources. Thus, there is potential that the transition to CMS-based breeding contributed to observed genetic bottlenecks in cultivated sunflower, further reducing the genetic diversity of cultivated sunflower lines associated with modern breeding and improvement (Burke et al, 2002; Liu and Burke, 2006; Wills and Burke, 2007; Davey and Jan, 2010; Onemli and Gucer, 2010; Mandel et al, 2013).…”

Tek Yıllık Yabani Ayçiçeği Türlerinin Tarla Koşullarında Bazı Morfolojik, Fenolojik ve Agronomik Karakterleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

“…Many traits dealing with morphology, architecture, and disease resistance have been transferred from Helianthus species to sunflower Gucer, 2010c: Qi et al, 2019). The genetic research on the development of new CMS -restorers of fertility have contributed to enriching diversity and increasing heterosis in sunflower (Atlagić et al, 2006;Seiler, 2007;Nooryazdan et al, 2010;Onemli and Gucer, 2010b;Whitney et al, 2010;Seiler et al, 2017). Wild species are a potentially important source of abiotic tolerance; therefore, it may be desirable to introgress drought, heat, and salinity tolerant genes from wild relatives (Onemli and Gucer, 2010a;Seiler et al, 2017;Hernández et al, 2018).…”