Self-Harm and Suicidality in Children Referred for Gender Dysphoria

Aitken, Madison; VanderLaan, Doug P.; Wasserman, Lori Drucker; Stojanovski, Sonja; Zucker, Kenneth J.

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2016.04.001

Cited by 101 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Consistent with clinic and community-based samples, 5–8,44 our representative sample of high school youth in California underscores the high rates of suicidal ideation among transgender youth and identifies depression and victimization as potential mechanisms underlying gender identity-related disparities in suicidal ideation. Therefore, our data underscore the importance of assessing suicidal ideation among transgender youth and also suggest that depression and experiences of victimization may represent critical targets for intervention in clinical practice and care.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…6 Another study found that, based on parental reports, transgender youth were 5.1 times more likely than their cisgender siblings to talk about suicide and 8.6 times more likely to attempt suicide. 8 Using nationally representative high school data from New Zealand, Clark et al found that transgender youth had substantially higher rates of attempted suicide in the past 12 months when compared to cisgender youth (20% versus 4%). 9 Furthermore, among transgender adults, the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts is estimated to be as high as 41%, 10,11 compared to less than 9% in the general US population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Transgender Youth in California: Findings From a Representative, Population-Based Sample of High School Students

Perez-Brumer

Day²,

Russell³

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

217

150

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Objective No representative population-based studies of youth in the US exist on gender identity-related disparities in suicidal ideation or on factors that underlie this disparity. To address this, we: (1) examined gender identity-related disparities in the prevalence of suicidal ideation; (2) evaluated whether established psychosocial factors explained these disparities; and (3) identified correlates of suicidal ideation among all youth and stratified by gender identity. Method Data were derived from the 2013–2015 California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS; N=621,189) and a weighted subsample representative of the Californian student population (Biennial Statewide California Student Survey [CSS; N = 28,856]). Results Prevalence of past 12-month self-reported suicidal ideation was nearly twice as high for transgender compared to non-transgender youth (33.73% versus 18.85%; χ2 = 35.48, p <.001). In fully adjusted models within the representative sample, transgender youth had 2.99 higher odds (95% CI: 2.25, 3.98) of reporting past-year suicidal ideation compared to non-transgender youth. Among transgender youth, only depressive symptoms (AOR: 5.44, 95% CI:1.81, 16.38) and victimization (AOR: 2.66, 95 CI%: 1.26, 5.65) remained significantly associated with higher odds of suicidal ideation in fully adjusted models. In multiple mediation analyses, depression attenuated the association between gender identity and suicidal ideation by 17.95%, and victimization by 14.71%. Conclusion This study uses the first representative population-based sample of youth in the US that includes a measure of gender identity to report on gender identity-related disparities in suicidal ideation and to identify potential mechanisms underlying this disparity in a representative sample.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Transgender Youth in California: Findings From a Representative, Population-Based Sample of High School Students

Perez-Brumer

Day²,

Russell³

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

217

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…25,43–45 Those studies overwhelmingly reported markedly higher rates of anxiety and depression and lower self-worth, with disproportionate numbers of children in the clinical range. However, our ability to compare our findings with past findings is limited by differences in the criteria for study inclusion—the children in the present study believed they were of the “opposite” gender, whereas previous work focused on more diverse groups of gender-nonconforming children, including many who wished to be the “opposite” gender or who simply preferred toys and clothing associated with the “opposite” gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Self-Worth in Socially Transitioned Transgender Youth

Durwood

McLaughlin

Olson

2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

258

157

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Objective Social transitions are increasingly common for transgender children. A social transition involves a child presenting to other people as a member of the “opposite” gender in all contexts (e.g., wearing clothes and using pronouns of that gender). Little is known about the well-being of socially transitioned transgender children. This study examined self-reported depression, anxiety, and self-worth in socially transitioned transgender children compared with 2 control groups: age- and gender-matched controls and siblings of transgender children. Method As part of a longitudinal study (TransYouth Project), children (9–14 years old) and their parents completed measurements of depression and anxiety (n = 63 transgender children, n = 63 controls, n = 38 siblings). Children (6–14 years old; n = 116 transgender children, n = 122 controls, n = 72 siblings) also reported on their self-worth. Mental health and self-worth were compared across groups. Results Transgender children reported depression and self-worth that did not differ from their matched-control or sibling peers (p = .311), and they reported marginally higher anxiety (p = .076). Compared with national averages, transgender children showed typical rates of depression (p = .290) and marginally higher rates of anxiety (p = .096). Parents similarly reported that their transgender children experienced more anxiety than children in the control groups (p = .002) and rated their transgender children as having equivalent levels of depression (p = .728). Conclusion These findings are in striking contrast to previous work with gender-nonconforming children who had not socially transitioned, which found very high rates of depression and anxiety. These findings lessen concerns from previous work that parents of socially transitioned children could be systematically underreporting mental health problems.

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“…In dieser Phase können eventuell vorbestehende psychiatrische Beeinträchtigun-gen verstärkt hervortreten. Die Rate an Depressionen, Angststörungen, Verhaltensstörungen und selbstverletzenden Aktivitäten bis hin zu Suizid ist signifikant erhöht und wird in unterschiedlichen Studien zwischen 30 und 75 % angegeben (im Vergleich zu etwa 8 % bei der Allgemeinbevölkerung) [6][7][8][9]. Die Pubertät muss jedenfalls abgewartet werden, bevor die Diagnose einer voraussichtlich bleibenden Transidentität gestellt werden kann.…”

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Management von Jugendlichen mit Transidentität

Riedl

2018

Paediatr. Paedolog. Austria

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Self-Harm and Suicidality in Children Referred for Gender Dysphoria

Cited by 101 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Transgender Youth in California: Findings From a Representative, Population-Based Sample of High School Students

Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Transgender Youth in California: Findings From a Representative, Population-Based Sample of High School Students

Mental Health and Self-Worth in Socially Transitioned Transgender Youth

Management von Jugendlichen mit Transidentität

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