Self-healable PEDOT-based all-organic films with excellent electrochromic performances

Xie, Xiaowen; Yu, Jiarui; Li, Zhanqi; Wu, Zhixin; Chen, Shuai

doi:10.1039/d2nj03966d

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The FT-IR result (Figure 1b) also indicates that the addition of PU-UPy does not affect the displacement of characteristic peaks of PEDOT:PSS/PEG, which proves that the main action among this composite system comes from noncovalent bonding. Self-healing behavior of film cracks, made in the same manner as previously reported, 19 was observed by placing all films in an oven at 65 °C for 5 min. As the microscope photographs before and after repair show in Figure 2a, the PEDOT:PSS film did not realize structural healing after heat treatment, while all of the cracks of the PEDOT:PSS/PEG/ PU-UPy-x films disappeared.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In contrast, previously, we have realized thermal-driven selfhealing of the PEDOT/PU-DA/DADOL film [PU-DA = polyurethane containing reversible Diels−Alder (r-DA) groups; DADOL = diacetylenic diol], relying on reversible and multiple Diels−Alder interactions, 20 and then the P(EDOT-co-EDTM)/PU-DA film, benefiting from the additional copolymerization strategy of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and its hydroxymethyl derivative (EDTM). 19 However, their microstructure damage only can be healed under heating to 100−130 °C for 10 min to ∼2 h (driving r-DA reaction) and 60 °C for 2−6 h (driving DA reaction) and exhibited poor electrical properties due to the lack of doping activity like PSS. For the self-healable P(EDOT-co-EDTM)/ PU-DA film, its EC behavior was investigated, showing a visible-light contrast ratio of 47.24%, which can maintain 95% of its original state after 100 cycles, a short response time (0.80 s/0.62 s), and a coloration efficiency (CE) value of 324.9 cm 2 C −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the self-healable P(EDOT-co-EDTM)/ PU-DA film, its EC behavior was investigated, showing a visible-light contrast ratio of 47.24%, which can maintain 95% of its original state after 100 cycles, a short response time (0.80 s/0.62 s), and a coloration efficiency (CE) value of 324.9 cm 2 C −1 . 19 To further weaken heating conditions and improve the application functionality of self-healable conductive films, in this work, we developed an all-organic PEDOT:PSS/PEG/PU-UPy film by introducing multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions. In terms of a good balance of three-component adjustment, mechanism design, and processing method regulation, the composite film showed excellent mechanical flexibility, good water resistance, and much excited self-healing ability, only requiring a single and rapid low-heat treatment process (65 °C for 5 min).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Heat-Driven Self-Healing Flexible Electrochromic Film Relying on a PEDOT:PSS-Based All-Organic Composite

Zhou,

An,

Xie

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Electronic materials capable of bionic self-healing have received extensive attention in view of the urgent need of extending device life, maintaining operation safety, and reducing renewal costs. Among them, conducting polymers (CPs), especially poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PE-DOT:PSS), have become a research hotspot due to their intrinsic and tunable electrical conductivity, macromolecule nature with good processability, good stability, combination ability, etc. Herein, an all-organic PEDOT:PSS/poly-(ethylene glycol)/2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine-encapsulated polyurethane film with high electrical conductivity, remarkable self-healing ability, excellent mechanical flexibility, and strong water resistance is created by the ingenious design of a multiple hydrogen-bonding strategy. Moreover, the film was fabricated easily from a solvent (water/methanol)-processable dispersion with fast drying and "green" advantages. The film crack can be healed by relatively lowtemperature heating at 65 °C for 5 min with recovered smooth surface and electrochromic properties, including high optical contrast (ΔT) values of up to 68.2%, fast oxidation and reduction responses (0.24 and 0.49 s, respectively), and excellent coloration efficiency (246.4 cm 2 C −1 ). The flexible electrochromic device employing this film as an active layer still maintained an ΔT value of more than 47% and can remain above 90% even after 1000 times of operation or mechanical bending. This research will greatly enhance the reliability of PEDOT:PSS-based organic film electronic devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Heat-Driven Self-Healing Flexible Electrochromic Film Relying on a PEDOT:PSS-Based All-Organic Composite

Zhou,

An,

Xie

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Electrochromic (EC) materials have received significant attention for their various applications in smart windows [ 7 , 8 ], antiglare rear-view mirrors [ 9 ], information displays [ 10 ], etc. Diverse EC materials have been exploited so far, including transition metal oxides [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], transition metal complexes [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], organic small molecules [ 17 , 18 ], organic conducting polymers [ 19 , 20 ] and metallo-supramolecular polymers [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In particular, metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs) are recently developed electrochromic materials with superior electrochromic performance and stable redox properties [ 5 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into Anion-Induced Electrochromism of Ru(II)-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer

Fu,

Zhang,

Cao

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The metallo-supramolecular polymer (MSP) is considered one of the most promising electrodes for electrochromic devices due to its intrinsically stable redox properties. Nevertheless, despite extensive work focusing on improving the electrochromic and electrochemical properties of MSPs, little experimental evidence exists from in-depth investigations on the anion-induced electrochromism of MSPs. Herein, Ru-based metallo-supramolecular polymer (polyRu) films with excellent electrochromic performance were fabricated through a novel electrochemical deposition method, and the electrochromic mechanism was further understood. The polyRu films possess fast reaction kinetics with a short switching time of 4.0 s (colored) and 2.8 s (bleached) and highly reversible redox properties due to the resulting impacts on the capacitive behaviors (containing surface, near-surface and intercalation pseudo-capacitance) of the perchlorate ions in the electrochromic process. Moreover, the electrochromic degradation of the polyRu films is considered to stem from the numerous nanopores in the film induced by ClO4− transport and the exchange of counter anions from Cl− to ClO4−. In addition, a physical model, revealing the transport of conduction ions and the evolution of the structure and properties of the polyRu film during the electrochromic process, is presented. It is observed that the charge balance of Ru3+ and Ru2+, achieved through the adsorption/desorption of ClO4− on the film, provides electrochromic and electrochemical reversibility to the polyRu film under positive/negative bias. Correspondingly, a transformation from polyRu·(Cl−)2n to polyRu·(ClO4−)x(Cl−)2n−x in the polyRu film is induced by a counter anion exchange from Cl− to ClO4−. Revealing the detailed perchlorate ion transfer kinetics and electrochromic mechanism in this film can offer new insights into the application of metallo-supramolecular polymers in electrochromic devices.

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“…It is well known that the self-healability of conducting polymer hydrogels stems from non-covalent physical interactions or the reconstruction of reversible dynamic covalent bonds [17,18]. Physical interactions such as hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, and metal coordination can endow conducting polymer hydrogels with a certain self-healability [14,25,26], yet the resultant hydrogels usually display poor mechanical performance, limiting their widespread application in various fields. Reversible chemical interactions (including imine bonding, borate bonding, and Diels-Alder reaction) can form multiple reversible dynamic interactions within the hydrogel networks, but such a method may severely reduce the sensing performance due to chain immobilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Healable PEDOT:PSS-PVA Nanocomposite Hydrogel Strain Sensor for Human Motion Monitoring

Cao,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Strain sensors based on conducting polymer hydrogels are considered highly promising candidates for wearable electronic devices. However, existing conducting polymer hydrogels are susceptible to aging, damage, and failure, which can greatly deteriorate the sensing performance of strain sensors based on these substances and the accuracy of data collection under large deformation. Developing conductive polymer hydrogels with concurrent high sensing performance and self-healing capability is a critical yet challenging task to improve the stability and lifetime of strain sensors. Herein, we design a self-healable conducting polymer hydrogel by compositing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) via both physical and chemical crosslinking. This PEDOT:PSS-PVA nanocomposite hydrogel strain sensor displays an excellent strain monitoring range (>200%), low hysteresis (<1.6%), a high gauge factor (GF = 3.18), and outstanding self-healing efficiency (>83.5%). Electronic skins based on such hydrogel strain sensors can perform the accurate monitoring of various physiological signals, including swallowing, finger bending, and knee bending. This work presents a novel conducting polymer hydrogel strain sensor demonstrating both high sensing performance and self-healability, which can satisfy broad application scenarios, such as wearable electronics, health monitoring, etc.

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Self-healable PEDOT-based all-organic films with excellent electrochromic performances

Abstract: Since the cracks or scratches that occur during use can degrade the performances and lifetime of organic film electronic devices, the development of self-healing materials holds great potential for developing...

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Low-Heat-Driven Self-Healing Flexible Electrochromic Film Relying on a PEDOT:PSS-Based All-Organic Composite

Low-Heat-Driven Self-Healing Flexible Electrochromic Film Relying on a PEDOT:PSS-Based All-Organic Composite

Mechanistic Insights into Anion-Induced Electrochromism of Ru(II)-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer

Self-Healable PEDOT:PSS-PVA Nanocomposite Hydrogel Strain Sensor for Human Motion Monitoring

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