Self-healable polymer networks based on the cross-linking of epoxidised soybean oil by an aqueous citric acid solution

Fully bio-based aliphatic thermoset polyesters via self-catalyzed self-condensation of multifunctional epoxy monomers directly extracted from natural sources

“…35,36 A ring-opening reaction between an acid and epoxide would create a secondary alcohol and an ester. 24,25,36 To confirm this, reaction characteristic carbonyl regions for acids (1740-1700 cm À1 ) and esters (1750-1725 cm À1 ) were monitored. The reaction was further confirmed by RT-FTIR by the depletion of the absorption band at 1714 cm À1 and an increase in absorption band at 1740 cm À1 which correlates with the free acid and an ester, respectively (Fig.…”

“…The main problem with these systems has, however, been the miscibility between the polar carboxylic acid functional crosslinkers and the rather hydrophobic epoxidized fatty acidbased resin. Williams et al 24 overcame this by adding a small amount of water as a compatibilizer. Both 24,25 also demonstrated that a carboxylic acid can catalyze the formation of a secondary ester from a carboxylic acid and a secondary epoxide.…”

“…Williams et al 24 overcame this by adding a small amount of water as a compatibilizer. Both 24,25 also demonstrated that a carboxylic acid can catalyze the formation of a secondary ester from a carboxylic acid and a secondary epoxide. Data on the curing performance are presented, but the complete details on the reaction kinetics are not fully understood.…”

Self-assembly of nanoparticles employing polymerization-induced phase separation

“…The irradiation of the material with visible light with a wavelength in the region of the plasmon band of NPs, generates local temperature fields that may be used to initiate polymerization of the initial solution [39,40], or to produce chemical changes in the cross-linked network. As an example, thermally-activated transesterification reactions can be employed for the self-healing of cross-linked networks containing 2-hydroxyester chemical bonds [41][42][43][44]. The incorporation of silver or gold NPs into these networks could activate transesterification reactions by laser irradiation.…”

Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Stemming from Castor Oil: Green Synthesis and Their Application in Wood Bonding

“…Vegetable oil, no matter from which source, is generally composed of various triglycerides, the presence of unsaturated bonds making it possible to prepare vegetable oil-based polymeric materials [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. As for the preparation of sustainable PU, different types of vegetable oils, including soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, palm oil, and sunflower oil, have been exploited as raw materials.…”