Self-ignition of hydrogen–nitrogen mixtures during high-pressure release into air

Rudy, W.; Teodorczyk, A.; Wen, Jennifer X.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.06.051

Cited by 50 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Apart from that, a methane addition of only 5% improved the ignition pressure of the mixture by a factor of 2.67 compared to the pure hydrogen flow pressure [50]. W. Rudy [51] conducted an experimental study of H2-N2 mixtures of 5% and 10% (vol.) N2, the initial pressures required for spontaneous ignition were increased by a factor of 2.12 and 2.85, respectively.…”

Section: Effect Of Mixing With Other Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe use of hydrogen energy: review on hydrogen self- ignition and generated hydrogen jet fire

Zhi,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In the fight against climate change, hydrogen is seen as a promising sustainable energy alternative to fossil fuels. However, its wider adoption has raised safety issues, particularly regarding spontaneous combustion without an external spark. To ensure safe and sustainable hydrogen use, researchers have developed a thorough research approach targeting hydrogen's potential for spontaneous combustion. Progress has been made in understanding this phenomenon within transparent extension tubes, examining various factors like tube dimensions, curvature, shape, and rupture disc properties. These studies have revealed consistent trends. Simulations have helped explain how hydrogen auto-ignites, often starting at the tube wall, especially in high-pressure situations where it interacts with hot air and expands cold fuel. Researchers have also created mathematical models related to ignition dynamics. Yet, there's limited experimental data on hydrogen jet self-ignition in open spaces. Some simulations suggest that high-pressure hydrogen can ignite spontaneously even without a confinement, but the ignition event is so brief that it's difficult to capture experimentally. Moreover, scholars are creating more accurate empirical formulas based on extensive experimental statistics that connect internal tube ignition to external jet flames. The accuracy of these empirical estimates improves as more experimental data becomes available.

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Section: Effect Of Mixing With Other Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe use of hydrogen energy: review on hydrogen self- ignition and generated hydrogen jet fire

Zhi,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Most recently work has started to better define ignition properties of hydrogen, and hydrogen/methane mixtures, in relation to self-ignition, primarily by adiabatic compression/ shockwave ignition [12] [13] [14], but also charging of hydrogen causing electrostatic [15] and mechanical ignitions [16]. Much work is required to better define the parameters effects especially under variable environmental conditions.…”

Section: Flammable Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Civil Aviation Industry Safety Needs for the Introduction of Liquid Hydrogen Propulsion Technology

Benson

Ingram

Battersby

et al. 2019

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass, Hydrogen, and Alternative Fuels; Cycle Innovations; Electric Power; Industrial and Cogeneration; Organ

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Over the next few decades air travel is predicted to grow, with international agencies, manufacturers and governments predicting a considerable increase in aviation use. However, based on current fuel type, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) project emissions from aviation are estimated to be seven to ten times higher in 2050 than in 1990. These conflicting needs are problematic and have led to the EU Flightpath 2050 targeting dramatic emissions reductions for the sector (75% CO2, 90% NOX by 2050). One proposed solution, decreasing carbon emissions without stunting the increase in air travel, is hydrogen propulsion; a technology with clear environmental benefits. However, enabling the safe application of this fuel to aviation systems and industrial infrastructure would be a significant challenge. High-profile catastrophic incidents involving hydrogen, and the flammable and cryogenic nature of liquid hydrogen (LH2) have led to its reputation as a more dangerous substance than existing or alternative fuels. But, where they are used (in industry, transport, energy), with sufficient protocols, hydrogen can have a similar level of safety to other fuels. A knowledge of hazards, risks and the management of these becomes key to the integration of any new technology. Using assessments, and a gap analysis approach, this paper examines the civil aviation industry requirements, from a safety perspective, for the introduction of LH2 fuel use. Specific proposed technology assessments are used to analyze incident likelihood, consequence impact, and ease of remediation for hazards in LH2 systems, and a gap analysis approach is utilized to identify if existing data is sufficient for reliable technology safety assessment. Outstanding industry needs are exposed by both examining challenges that have been identified in transport and industrial areas, and by identifying the gaps in current knowledge that are preventing credible assessment, reliable comparison to other fuels and the development of engineering systems. This paper demonstrates that while hydrogen can be a safe and environmentally friendly fuel option, a significant amount of work is required for the implementation of LH2 technology from a mass market perspective.

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Limits of self-ignition in the process of hydrogen-methane mixtures release under high pressure into unconfined space

Smygalina,

Kiverin

2023

Journal of Energy Storage

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Self-ignition of hydrogen–nitrogen mixtures during high-pressure release into air

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Safe use of hydrogen energy: review on hydrogen self- ignition and generated hydrogen jet fire

Safe use of hydrogen energy: review on hydrogen self- ignition and generated hydrogen jet fire

An Analysis of Civil Aviation Industry Safety Needs for the Introduction of Liquid Hydrogen Propulsion Technology

Limits of self-ignition in the process of hydrogen-methane mixtures release under high pressure into unconfined space

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