Self-instructional “virtual pathology” laboratories using web-based technology enhance medical school teaching of pathology

Marchevsky, Alberto M.; Relan, Anju; Baillie, Susan

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(03)00089-3

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Due to additional functionalities that a physical microscope cannot provide, virtual microscopy is a promising new tool, offering a wide range of new applications in the fields of education, research, diagnosis and quality control (http:// www.bacuslabs.com, http://virtualmicroscope.osu.edu) [2,4,7,10,13,15,18,20,24,26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The improvement of technology should be paralleled by increasing computer competency of the upcoming generation of pathologists [11,14]. Students have already been shown to rate the quality of images and navigation of a virtual microscope equal to or even better than a real microscope [2,10,18]. While real slides need adjustments of focus, lighting and condensor, VS are always ready to use.…”

Section: Consumer Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors to keep in mind when introducing virtual microscopy

et al. 2005

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Digitization of glass slides and delivery of so-called virtual slides (VS) emulating a real microscope over the Internet have become reality due to recent improvements in technology. We have implemented a virtual microscope for instruction of medical students and for continuing medical education. Up to 30,000 images per slide are captured using a microscope with an automated stage. The images are post-processed and then served by a plain hypertext transfer protocol (http)-server. A virtual slide client (vMic) based on Macromedia's Flash MX, a highly accepted technology available on every modern Web browser, has been developed. All necessary virtual slide parameters are stored in an XML file together with the image. Evaluation of the courses by questionnaire indicated that most students and many but not all pathologists regard virtual slides as an adequate replacement for traditional slides. All our virtual slides are publicly accessible over the World Wide Web (WWW) at http://vmic.unibas.ch . Recently, several commercially available virtual slide acquisition systems (VSAS) have been developed that use various technologies to acquire and distribute virtual slides. These systems differ in speed, image quality, compatibility, viewer functionalities and price. This paper gives an overview of the factors to keep in mind when introducing virtual microscopy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumer Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors to keep in mind when introducing virtual microscopy

et al. 2005

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“…Whole slide imaging is commonly used for pathology education in medical school, pathology workshops, and slide conferences. [2][3][4][5][6][7] It is also gaining popularity for multidisciplinary tumor board presentations at several institutions, and a digital breast histopathology atlas is available online.8 Whole slide imaging is also useful for remotely reading intraoperative …”

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confidence: 99%

Multi-Institutional Comparison of Whole Slide Digital Imaging and Optical Microscopy for Interpretation of Hematoxylin-Eosin–Stained Breast Tissue Sections

Krishnamurthy¹,

Mathews²,

McClure³

et al. 2013

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Whole slide imaging (WSI) is now used for educational purposes, for consultation, and for archiving and quantitation of immunostains. However, it is not routinely used for the primary diagnosis of hematoxylineosin-stained tissue sections.Objective.-To compare WSI using the Aperio digital pathology system (Aperio Technologies, Inc, Vista, California) with optical microscopy (OM) for the interpretation of hematoxylin-eosin-stained tissue sections of breast lesions.Design.-The study was conducted at 3 clinical sites; 3 breast pathologists interpreted 150 hematoxylin-eosinstained slides at each site, 3 times each by WSI and 3 times each by OM. For WSI, slides were scanned using an Aperio ScanScope and interpreted on a computer monitor using Aperio ImageScope software and Aperio Spectrum data management software. Pathologic interpretations were recorded using the College of American Pathologists breast checklist. WSI diagnoses were compared with OM diagnoses for accuracy, precision (interpathologist variation), and reproducibility (intrapathologist variation). Results were considered accurate only if the interpretation matched exactly between WSI and OM. The proportion of accurate results reported by each pathologist was expressed as a percentage for the comparison of the 2 platforms.Results.-The accuracy of WSI for classifying lesions as not carcinoma or as noninvasive (ductal or lobular) or invasive (ductal, lobular, or other) carcinoma was 90.5%. The accuracy of OM was 92.1%. The precision and reproducibility of WSI and OM were determined on the basis of pairwise comparisons (3 comparisons for each slide, resulting in 36 possible comparisons). The overall precision of WSI was 90.5% in comparison with 92.1% for OM; reproducibility of WSI was 91.6% in comparison with 94.5% for OM, respectively.Conclusions.-In this study, we demonstrated that WSI and OM have similar accuracy, precision, and reproducibility for interpreting hematoxylin-eosin-stained breast tissue sections. Further clinical studies using routine surgical pathology specimens would be useful to confirm these findings and facilitate the incorporation of WSI into diagnostic practice. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013;137:1733-1739 doi: 10.5858/arpa.2012-0437-OA) T he practice of surgical pathology relies on image-based light microscopy diagnosis, which enables the detailed evaluation of the cytologic and architectural features of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)-stained tissue sections. Significant recent technological advancements have allowed for the acquisition and storage of high-quality digital images. Several commercially available platforms are available for scanning H&E-stained tissue sections, generating digital whole slide images (WSI) for viewing and interpretation. The field of digital pathology is rapidly evolving toward the creation of a digital environment for interpreting and managing pathologic information contained in a glass slide.Several applications of digital pathology are currently being embraced by pathologists. Whole slide imaging is ...

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“…These techniques permit a pathologist to give a diagnosis from a computer monitor, instead of looking through a microscope, but they are mainly used for teaching purposes (Marchevsky et al, 2003). Digitising a whole microscopical slide at diagnostic resolution remains a technical challenge, because of the need to capture and store huge amounts of data in the shortest time, furthermore the resulting 600 to 800 megabytes image can not be easily and automatically processed today.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Resolution for Automatic Quantification of Blood Vessels on Digitized Images of the Whole Cancer Section

Françoise¹,

Michels²,

Plancoulaine³

et al. 2011

Image Anal Stereol

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Discrepancies concerning the prognostic significance of cancer vascularization can be partly explained by biases due to quantification protocols. We recently recommended a swift, inexpensive and automatic analysis of 2,700 dpi slide scanner images of the whole immunostained sections. Another team, proposed, quite at the same time, to work at 4,000 dpi. The aim of the present paper is to check if information contained in images scanned at 2,700 and 4,000 dpi are relevant and equivalent, when compared to the low magnification of the microscope, in order to propose the best compromise between precision and time expense. To evaluate precisely the amount of information gained or lost according to the resolution used, we compared the number and size of blood vessel profiles, manually detected, on twenty one Hodgkin lymphoma acquired with a scanner (2,700 and 4,000 dpi) and with a microscope (16,000 dpi). Results obtained at 4,000 dpi were equivalent to the estimation performed at microscopical level either by a biologist or a pathologist, while tiny vessels were lost at 2,700 dpi. Scanning whole histological sections at 4,000 dpi provides a relevant method for evaluating tumour vascularization, which can be easily automated and standardized.

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Self-instructional “virtual pathology” laboratories using web-based technology enhance medical school teaching of pathology

Cited by 56 publications

References 17 publications

Factors to keep in mind when introducing virtual microscopy

Factors to keep in mind when introducing virtual microscopy

Multi-Institutional Comparison of Whole Slide Digital Imaging and Optical Microscopy for Interpretation of Hematoxylin-Eosin–Stained Breast Tissue Sections

Optimal Resolution for Automatic Quantification of Blood Vessels on Digitized Images of the Whole Cancer Section

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