Self-motion illusions from distorted optic flow in multifocal glasses

Sauer, Yannick; Scherff, Malte; Lappe, Markus; Rifai, Katharina; Stein, Niklas; Wahl, Siegfried

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.103567

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These solutions restrict gaze behavior to predefined lens regions, limiting visual convenience and field of view. Furthermore, progressive lenses, while effective in correcting vision, can introduce optical aberrations that compromise visual perception [5,21,1,14,25,19,24,22]. To overcome these limitations and cater to the dynamic gaze requirements of individuals with presbyopia, autofocal lenses offer a promising solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Tool for Optical Systems: Evaluating and Optimizing Autofocals and Beyond

Hosp,

Sauer,

Agarwala

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The development and evaluation of autofocal glasses require robust and efficient tools for assessing their performance in various real-world scenarios. This study presents a novel virtual reality (VR) simulation tool designed to evaluate the control algorithms of autofocal glasses. The tool incorporates a matching task involving Landolt rings and Sloan letters presented on different screens at varying distances and a NASA Task Load Index (TLX) questionnaire to assess participants' subjective workload and convenience. By employing this experimental design, we aimed to gain insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of the evaluated control algorithms for autofocals within our VR-based simulation tool. Our results indicate that the developed VR simulation tool provides a valuable platform for assessing the performance of autofocal glasses in a controlled environment, ultimately contributing to the development of more efficient and user-friendly autofocal glasses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Tool for Optical Systems: Evaluating and Optimizing Autofocals and Beyond

Hosp,

Sauer,

Agarwala

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Laboratory research has shown that optical magnification and minification can have far reaching perceptual and physical effects. These effects include changes in apparent size of objects ( Ogle, 1950 ), changes in perceived depth ( Ames, Ogle, & Gliddon, 1932 ; Kuhl, Thompson, & Creem-Regehr, 2009 ; Ogle, 1938 ; Tong et al, 2020 ) and changes in perceived world motion ( Bruder, Wieland, Bolte, Lappe, & Steinicke, 2013 ; Sauer et al, 2022 ). Magnification and minification also alter eye movement demands and may contribute to physical symptoms like dizziness, nausea, and eyestrain often reported when people wear AR/VR devices ( Chan et al, 2022 ; Kaufeld et al, 2022 ; Saredakis et al, 2020 ; Stanney, Kennedy, & Drexler, 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of image minification to discomfort experienced in wearable optics

McLean,

Erkelens,

Sherbak

et al. 2023

Journal of Vision

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Wearable optics have a broad range of uses, for example, in refractive spectacles and augmented/virtual reality devices. Despite the long-standing and widespread use of wearable optics in vision care and technology, user discomfort remains an enduring mystery. Some of this discomfort is thought to derive from optical image minification and magnification. However, there is limited scientific data characterizing the full range of physical and perceptual symptoms caused by minification or magnification during daily life. In this study, we aimed to evaluate sensitivity to changes in retinal image size introduced by wearable optics. Forty participants wore 0%, 2%, and 4% radially symmetric optical minifying lenses binocularly (over both eyes) and monocularly (over just one eye). Physical and perceptual symptoms were measured during tasks that required head movement, visual search, and judgment of world motion. All lens pairs except the controls (0% binocular) were consistently associated with increased discomfort along some dimension. Greater minification tended to be associated with greater discomfort, and monocular minification was often—but not always—associated with greater symptoms than binocular minification. Furthermore, our results suggest that dizziness and visual motion were the most reported physical and perceptual symptoms during naturalistic tasks. This work establishes preliminary guidelines for tolerances to binocular and monocular image size distortion in wearable optics.

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“…How to optimize the design for distortions in general is an open question, however, because their influence on visual perception is poorly understood. Geometric distortions are associated with the swim effect, a phenomenon of unnatural or unstable perception of the environment during head or eye movements, causing instability, dizziness, tripping, and nausea [16,22,12,1]. It is unclear how those effects scale with the physical distortion of the lens and its distribution across the visual field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing the future of progressive glasses: a new perceptual approach to spectacle lens design

Sauer,

Künstle,

Wichmann

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The eye’s natural aging influences our ability to focus on close objects. Without optical correction, all adults will suffer from blurry close vision starting in their 40s. In effect, different optical corrections are necessary for near and far vision. Current state-of-the-art glasses offer a gradual change of correction across the field of view for any distance—using Progressive Addition Lenses (PALs). However, an inevitable side effect of PALs is geometric distortion, which causes the swim effect, a phenomenon of unstable perception of the environment leading to discomfort for many wearers. Unfortunately, little is known about the relationship between lens distortions and their perceptual effects, that is, between the complex physical distortions on the one hand and their subjective severity on the other.We show that perceived distortion can be measured as a psychophysical scaling function using a VR experiment with accurately simulated PAL distortions. Despite the multi-dimensional space of physical distortions, the measured perception is well represented as a 1D scaling function; distortions are perceived less with negative far correction, suggesting an advantage for short-sighted people.Beyond that, our results successfully demonstrate that psychophysical scaling with ordinal embedding methods can investigate complex perceptual phenomena like lens distortions that affect geometry, stereo, and motion perception. Our approach provides a new perspective on lens design based on modeling visual processing that could be applied beyond distortions. We anticipate that future PAL designs could be improved using our method to minimize subjectively discomforting distortions rather than merely optimizing physical parameters.

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Self-motion illusions from distorted optic flow in multifocal glasses

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Simulation Tool for Optical Systems: Evaluating and Optimizing Autofocals and Beyond

Simulation Tool for Optical Systems: Evaluating and Optimizing Autofocals and Beyond

The contribution of image minification to discomfort experienced in wearable optics

Seeing the future of progressive glasses: a new perceptual approach to spectacle lens design

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