Self-Perceived Problematic Pornography Use: Beyond Individual Differences and Religiosity

Evaluating Pornography Problems Due to Moral Incongruence Model

“…Here, we echo the suggestions that were voiced by other authors in their commentaries for the model. 19,22 In addition, our results showed that, controlling for other variables, more religious people declared higher levels of problematic pornography use. The influence of religiosity on problematic pornography use was weak, but present-which is in agreement with at least a significant portion of previous studies showing a weak, positive relationship between religiosity and problematic pornography use symptoms 25,26 (refer also to the study by Lewczuk et al 27 ).…”

“…Naturally, the strength of religious convictions is a natural source for this kind of incongruence, but morality, as depicted in the PPMI model, should also be studied outside of the religious context, as it can have potential numerous predictors that are not directly related to religion (eg, political and sociopolitical views). 19 Moral disapproval or incongruence should be operationalized in a way that reflects this fact and in a way that is sensitive to a multisource determination of morality.…”

Self-identification as a pornography addict: examining the roles of pornography use, religiousness, and moral incongruence

“…When the above literature is considered in concert with the results of the present study, we would contend that they collectively suggest that the present work is both slightly divergent from our original hypotheses and consistent with prior works on the role of moral incongruence in predicting pornographyrelated problems. Importantly, however, we would acknowledge that these findings may also be consistent with a focus on moral incongruence that is independent of religious belief (Brand et al, 2018;Vaillancourt-Morel & Bergeron, 2018;Wright, 2018). That is, it is possible that moral incongruence is associated with feelings of addiction in general, independent of religiousness, or that incongruence may actually flow from feelings of dysregulation or from other domains of value and opinions.…”

Frequency of use, moral incongruence and religiosity and their relationships with self‐perceived addiction to pornography, internet use, social networking and online gaming

“…Such findings have led to the proposal of a model of pornography problems because of moral incongruence (PPMI model) [27]. Despite supporting evidence, the model has been criticized in that (i) other factors may relate more strongly to problematic pornography use than moral incongruence; (ii) that moral incongruence may not represent an independent pathway to problematic pornography use; and (ii) that other addictive behaviors may share similar relationships with moral incongruence [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48].…”