Self‐Powered Programming of Fibroblasts into Neurons via a Scalable Magnetoelastic Generator Array

Abstract

Developing scalable electrical stimulating platforms for cell and tissue engineering applications is limited by external power source dependency, wetting resistance, microscale size requirements, and suitable flexibility. Here, a versatile and scalable platform is developed to enable tunable electrical stimulation for biological applications by harnessing the giant magnetoelastic effect in soft systems, converting gentle air pressure (100–400 kPa) to yield a current of up to 10.5 mA and a voltage of 9.5 mV. The platform can be easily manufactured and scaled up for integration in multiwell magnetoelastic plates via 3D printing. The authors demonstrate that the electrical stimulation generated by this platform enhances the conversion of fibroblasts into neurons up to 2‐fold (104%) and subsequent neuronal maturation up to 3‐fold (251%). This easily configurable electrical stimulation device has broad applications in high throughput organ‐on‐a‐chip systems, and paves the way for future development of neural engineering, including cellular therapy via implantable self‐powered electrical stimulation devices.

Spherical Magnetoelastic Generator for Multidirectional Vibration Energy Harvesting

“…The porosity will not have a significant influence on the S-MEG’s output performance and only affect the device’s mechanical stiffness. The previous work on MEG has comprehensively discussed the porosity in the soft system and showed the statistical results that high porosity will reduce Young’s modulus of the MC layer and increase the relative magnetic flux density variation without reducing the magnetomechanical coupling factor substantially. − The decrease in surface magnetic flux density demagnetizes the magnetic fields. Removing the applied stress from the glass ball recovers the surface magnetic flux density to its original state.…”

Advances in Wearable Strain Sensors Based on Electrospun Fibers

“…[287] In view of the increased power consumption brought about by the richness of detection intensity and functionality of wearable sensors, but the current plight of commercial batteries that are still not substantially optimized, integrating energy harvesting and conversion devices in the devices is an effective way. [288][289][290][291][292][293][294][295] For example, integrating nano-generators in fabrics to become self-powered wearable devices, which cause mechanical friction and deformation through body movements, and then convert mechanical energy triggered by biomechanical movements into electrical energy for supplying sensors. [286,[296][297][298][299][300][301][302][303][304][305] The uninterrupted chest movement during human breathing can be used as continuous biokinetic energy to drive low-power wearable electronic devices.…”

Advances in Triboelectric Flow Sensor

“…With the coordinated development of advanced materials, manufacturing technology, and information technology, the Internet of Things has become an important part of the new generation of information technology. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Intelligent sensing devices have emerged widely in the fields of medical treatment, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] textiles, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] communication, [24][25][26][27][28][29] entertainment, [30][31][32] DOI: 10.1002/admt.202300316 transportation, [33][34][35][36][37] and artificial intelligence, [38][39][40][41][42] which have greatly improved people's lives and become an indispensable part of people's lives. They are gradually developing towards the trends of high precision, [43,44] miniaturization, [45][46]…”

“…With the coordinated development of advanced materials, manufacturing technology, and information technology, the Internet of Things has become an important part of the new generation of information technology. [ 1–6 ] Intelligent sensing devices have emerged widely in the fields of medical treatment, [ 7–15 ] textiles, [ 16–23 ] communication, [ 24–29 ] entertainment, [ 30–32 ] transportation, [ 33–37 ] and artificial intelligence, [ 38–42 ] which have greatly improved people's lives and become an indispensable part of people's lives. They are gradually developing towards the trends of high precision, [ 43,44 ] miniaturization, [ 45–47 ] low energy consumption [ 48–53 ] and networking, [ 54–56 ] to realize diversified scenario applications with fast response and efficient perception.…”