Self‐Promoting Energy Storage in Balsa Wood‐Converted Porous Carbon Coupled with Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract

For most electrodes fabricated with carbon, transition metal compounds, or conductive polymers, the capacitance may deteriorate with cyclic charging and discharging. Thus, an electrochemically stable supercapacitor has long been pursued by researchers. In this work, the hierarchical structure of balsa wood is preserved in the converted carbon which is used as a supporting framework to fabricate electrodes for supercapacitors. Well‐grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on interior and exterior surfaces of balsa carbon channels provide two advantages including 1) offering more specific surface area to boost capacitance via electric double layer capacitance and 2) offering more active Fe and Ni sites to participate in the redox reaction to enhance capacitance of the balsa carbon/CNTs electrode. The balsa carbon/CNTs demonstrate an excellent area capacitance of 1940 mF cm−2. As active sites on Ni and Fe catalysts and inner walls of CNTs are gradually released, the capacitance increases 66% after 4000 charge–discharge cycles. This work brings forward a strategy for the rational design of high‐performance biomass carbon coupled with advanced nanostructures for energy storage.

Sodium‐Dictated Free‐Standing Lignin‐Carbon Electrode towards Ultrahigh Capacitance

“…The C−O peak suggests the hydroxylation of the sample due to acid treatment, making it hydrophilic. Similar C−O peaks were previously observed after treating balsa carbon with acid [33] . In addition to C−C ( sp 2 ) and C−O peaks, LCF #3 exhibits two additional peaks at 283.0 eV and 286.7 eV, which can be ascribed to the binding energy of carbides and C−S respectively.…”

“…Similar CÀ O peaks were previously observed after treating balsa carbon with acid. [33] In addition to CÀ C (sp 2 ) and CÀ O peaks, LCF #3 exhibits two additional peaks at 283.0 eV and 286.7 eV, which can be ascribed to the binding energy of carbides and CÀ S respectively. Table 2 shows bonds deconvo-luted from C 1s and their percentage compositions of LCF #1 and LCF #3.…”

“…This hierarchical distribution of micropores and mesopores throughout smaller particles shown in Figure 1(h) in LCF #3 may promote energy storage in the fabricated supercapacitors. Mesopores can provide access to the inner surface and facilitate diffusion of ions into micro pores, enabling faster charge‐discharge rates, [33] while micropores offer a high surface area for charge storage. The specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of these samples were calculated.…”

Capacitive deionization system with ultra-high salt adsorption performance: from lab design to agricultural applications

“…17 Copyright 2023 American Chemical Society. 750 1C is the most suitable one to obtain a large surface area electrode, which showed a 85.3% capacitive charge storage (also known as pseudocapacitance) based on Dunn's approach, 45 and 97.8 mg g À1 adsorption in 200 mg L À1 NaCl solution (Fig. 4c and d).…”

Carbon Capture: Theoretical Guidelines for Activated Carbon-Based CO2 Adsorption Material Evaluation

“…Rapid anthropogenic climate change is one of the central challenges in the 21st century, with atmospheric CO 2 concentration exceeding 400 ppm. − CO 2 concentration must be maintained at ≤ 450 ppm to mitigate the climate change crisis, which requires capture on the gigaton scale . This target has necessitated urgent research efforts in the field of carbon capture from both concentrated sources of CO 2 emissions as well as direct air capture from the atmosphere. , Activated carbon (AC)-based materials have shown promising carbon capture performance. − They can be inexpensive when sustainably sourced from amply available natural resources such as Balsa wood and Biochar. − Moreover, both Balsa wood and Biochar have porous microstructures that can be enhanced multifold and chemically modified during the preparation process to further augment CO 2 adsorption. ,− Overall, their low-cost preparation, hydrophobicity, porosity, and chemical tunability make them attractive solutions for carbon capture via a steam-assisted temperature vacuum swing desorption process Figure depicts the carbon capture process where wood-derived AC is used as the CO 2 adsorbent, which is regenerated when subject to high temperature steam.…”