Self-promotion mechanism for CO electrooxidation on gold

Rodríguez, Paramaconi; Garcı́a-Aráez, Nuria; Koper, Marc T. M.

doi:10.1039/b926365a

Cited by 64 publications

(93 citation statements)

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“…[49,50] Therefore, the oxidation of methanol and its oxidation reactioni ntermediates on the preferentially oriented nanoparticles is of highi nterest in order to elucidatet he reactionm echanism on these types of catalysts. Previous studies have also shown that the adsorption of one CO monolayer on ag old electrode in alkaline media takes places at lower potentials than 0.3 Vv ersus RHE with further oxidation at potentials highert han 0.7 V. [30][31][32] Additional studies have shown that the CO adsorbed on Au(111)a nd Au(100) promotes the oxidation of methanol and other alcohols. [51] To evaluatet he surface selectivity of CO oxidation on the Au preferentially oriented nanoparticles, as imilar procedure to that used in Ref.…”

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[32] The bulk oxidation of carbon monoxide on the nanoparticles did not show surface-structure sensitivity,w hich is in agreement with results described previously in the literature. [22,31,54] Figures 3A and Bs how the voltammetric profiles of methanol and formaldehyde on the cubic and octahedral Au nanoparticles in alkaline medium. For methanol, as can be seen in Figure3A, the voltammetric profiles are quite similar,b oth in terms of the onset of the oxidation( ca.…”

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0.3 Vv s. RHE), the current densities obtained on the (111)p referentially oriented nanoparticles are, in both cases, highera t low potentials( up to 0.95 V), whereas the Au cubic nanoparticles are more active at potentials higher than 1.0 V. Previous FTIR measurements have indicatedt hat formate is the final product of the oxidation of formaldehyde when the potential is limited to 1.5Vand cannot be furtheroxidized. [29,31,54,55] …”

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24] In particular,t he role of the surface structure of gold towards the oxidation of methanol, ethanol and glycerol has been underlooked and scarce contributions can be found in the literature [22,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Additionally,e ven fewer contributions have been published dealing with the alcohol oxidation on nanoparticulated systems. [34][35][36] Consequently,t he aim of this work is to explore the electrocatalytic properties of two shape-controlledA un anoparticles towards the oxidation of formaldehydea nd some alcohols, including methanol, ethanol, and glycerol, in alkaline solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Oxidation of Small Organic Molecules on Au Nanoparticles with Preferential Surface Orientation

et al. 2015

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The surface orientation effect on the oxidation of small organic molecules such as methanol, formaldehyde, ethanol, and glycerol has been studied on Au nanoparticles in alkaline medium. Two sets of Au nanoparticles enriched in (100) and (111) facets were synthetized by using colloidal methods in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The nanoparticles were physically characterized by using TEM and XRD and electrochemically characterized by using Pb underpotential deposition as a surface‐structure probe. It is reported that, although methanol oxidation was similar in both types of nanoparticles, the oxidation of formaldehyde presented a clear surface orientation effect. For this reaction, nanoparticles with (111) preferential orientation presented higher current densities at low potentials, whereas Au(100) nanoparticles exhibited higher activity at potentials more positive than 1.0 V versus RHE. On the other hand, for glycerol and ethanol oxidations, the onset of the reaction was similar in both types of particles, although Au(111) nanoparticles showed higher current densities than the Au(100) ones.

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Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Oxidation Of Carbonm Onoxide Methanol and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Oxidation of Small Organic Molecules on Au Nanoparticles with Preferential Surface Orientation

et al. 2015

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“…[11][12][13] However, such approach also present difficulties related to the determination of the charge involved in the electrooxidation. For instance, depending on the metal nature, CO can adsorb on different ways onto a surface, 14,15 which can embed errors in estimating the surface area if pure metals are compared with multi-metallic catalysts. Another regular method is normalizing the current by the mass of the main metal (normally Pt) in multi-metallic catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Time-Dependent Performance of Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells Based on a Cost-Normalization Approach

Zanata¹,

Fernández²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Researchers have developed new catalysts for fuel cells (FC), whose performances are compared after applying different normalization procedures. However, there is not a standard procedure. The current produced from CO electrooxidation was compared for Pt 4 Ru 5 Sn 1 /C and homemade Pt/C nanoparticles (NPs) normalized by different methods and the use of different methods renders different interpretations. Since the whole field aims to maximize the cost-effectiveness, a complementary method to normalize currents and power in terms of the total cost of the nanocatalyst, the Catalyst-based Cost method (CbC), was proposed. CbC considers the cost of all metals employed to build the catalyst, not only those ones with available surfaces. By applying a simple smoothing method on the prices in a time series, we were able to forecast the prices and consequently the power density of a FC. CbC provides tools for industrials forecast the designing of nanomaterials with improved efficiency and low cost.Keywords: fuel cell, catalyst, normalization of current and power, cost of metal, forecasting activity IntroductionThe continuous growth of the energy demand opened a wide field of research for energy converters, among which fuel cells have been exhaustively studied. Fuel cells can produce energy with low environmental impact since they generate power by the oxidation of a fuel at the anode and reduction of O 2 at the cathode. Fuel cells can be fed by H 2 or small alcohols, as methanol and ethanol. The catalysts, both anodes and cathodes, are mainly based on Pt, which is historically an expensive material.1 This is the main reason why many efforts have been made to replace Pt (at least partially) in catalysts used in fuel cells.When a new nanoparticle catalyst is produced, the normalization of the electrochemical current generated by its use is imperative in electrocatalysis, since this procedure allows distinct surfaces to be directly compared for a given reaction in terms of their intrinsic electroactivities. In this context, different normalization methods generate multiple interpretations about the activity of a catalyst. This lack of consensus hinders the comparison of different materials in terms of their electrochemical performances and generates impasses that prevent a faster development of the research area.A method commonly used consists in normalizing the currents by the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), which is highly useful but not easily accessed for many materials. For Pt-based catalysts (as PtRu/C Zanata et al. 1981 Vol. 27, No. 11, 2016 and PtRuSn/C) the ECSA is sometimes estimated by the charge involved in the H desorption region.2-5 For Pd-based catalysts, the ECSA is usually calculated by the charge involved in the reduction of a PdO monolayer. [6][7][8] The main concern about using the ECSA for multi-metallic catalysts calculated by these methods lies on the fact that the metal lattice parameter suffers intense modifications when an additional element is inserted into its structure. 9,10 In t...

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Single‐Atom Catalysts for Hydrogen Generation: Rational Design, Recent Advances, and Perspectives

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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the increasingly serious energy crisis, environmental challenges with clean and sustainable energy conversion. Hydrogen (H 2 ) has attracted great attention because of its cleanliness and extremely high weight energy density (122 kJ g −1 ). [1] As we all know, the final product from H 2 energy is water no matter how it is used, which can truly achieve zero-emission and zero-pollution. Therefore, H 2 energy is considered to be one of the most ideal energy sources in the future. [2] Traditional H 2 production technologies are mainly formed by steam reforming of fossil fuels, such as natural gas and petroleum. [3] The key point that must be paid attention to is to reduce pollution and improve the efficiency of H 2 evolution from fossil fuels. In the future, H 2 production industrially should present the coexistence form of diversified development in which the advantages of the fossil raw material route and the renewable raw material route complement each other.Water electrolysis and photocatalytic water splitting have been promising techniques for sustainable H 2 production, and they are important supplements to the H 2 generation from fossil fuels. However, there are still plenty of technical problems industrially, which hinder their wide application in practice. On the one hand, with the continuous increase in the global energy demand, noble metal-based catalysts dominated by platinum group metal (PGM) have severely restricted the further development of the energy industry owing to their high cost, natural scarcity, and poor anti-poisoning. On the other hand, the catalytic efficiency of earth-abundant transition-metal-based nanocatalysts employed as an alternative to PGM-based catalysts is far from the criterion of industrial applications. [4] It can be seen that improving the utilization of noble metal active centers and developing efficient noble metal-free catalysts are available solutions. This is still a hugely challenging task, for which we should first survey the reasonable development of the catalytic system.The evaluation indexes of the catalytic reaction include selectivity and conversion. The key points that need to be studied are: i) active center and adsorption site; ii) the size-dependent effects of catalysts; iii) interactions between active species and the support, surface effect, and interfacial effect. The Hydrogen is widely believed to be a promising fuel to solve the global energy crisis and environmental issues. The catalytic system represented by metal-supported catalysts is an important process of upgrading the hydrogen source in industry. Single-atom catalysts (SACs), which inherit the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, provide a broad prospect for low-cost H 2 production technology. This review focuses on the potential mechanisms in the rational design of SACs, including active sites, coordination configuration, mass loading, heteroatom-doping, and metal−support interaction. The design strategies of single metal atoms on different supports are reviewed to give a propos...

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Self-promotion mechanism for CO electrooxidation on gold

Cited by 64 publications

References 42 publications

Electrochemical Oxidation of Small Organic Molecules on Au Nanoparticles with Preferential Surface Orientation

Electrochemical Oxidation of Small Organic Molecules on Au Nanoparticles with Preferential Surface Orientation

Estimating the Time-Dependent Performance of Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells Based on a Cost-Normalization Approach

Single‐Atom Catalysts for Hydrogen Generation: Rational Design, Recent Advances, and Perspectives

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