Self‐Propelled Micro‐/Nanomotors as “On‐the‐Move” Platforms: Cleaners, Sensors, and Reactors

Hu, Yang; Liu, Wei; Sun, Yan

doi:10.1002/adfm.202109181

Cited by 50 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 200 publications

(215 reference statements)

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“…2e and Supplementary Fig. 1b) 32,43,44 . According to MSD analyses, the diffusion coefficients (D) of WO 3 micromotors were plotted and inserted in Fig.…”

Section: Motion Behavior Of Wo 3 Micromotorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metal oxide single-component light-powered micromotors for photocatalytic degradation of nitroaromatic pollutants

2023

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Mass transfer is a key parameter in heterogeneous reactions. Micro/nanomachines, a promising technology for environmental applications, significantly enhance the performance of conventional purification treatments because of the active motion ability and thus enhanced diffusion (superdiffusion) of these photocatalysts, which in turn leads to dramatically improved mass transfer and higher degradation capability compared to stationary microparticles. However, the design of micromotors generally involves noble metals, for instance, Au and Pt, to achieve an effective autonomous motion. Considering the expensive fabrication cost and complicated steps, we present Pt-free single-component light-powered WO3 micromotors capable of enhanced diffusion and effective degradation of nitroaromatic compounds in water. These microswimmers, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which is highly scalable at low cost, followed by calcination, exhibit fuel-free light-driven motion due to asymmetric light irradiation. Picric acid (PA) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) were selected as representative nitroaromatic contaminants and photocatalytically decomposed by WO3 micromotors thanks to the close contact with the micromotors promoted by their self-propulsion. This work provides a low-cost, sustainable, scalable method for enhancing mass transfer by creating moving catalysts with broad application potential for water cleanup.

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“…2e and Supplementary Fig. 1b) 32,43,44 . According to MSD analyses, the diffusion coefficients (D) of WO 3 micromotors were plotted and inserted in Fig.…”

Section: Motion Behavior Of Wo 3 Micromotorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metal oxide single-component light-powered micromotors for photocatalytic degradation of nitroaromatic pollutants

2023

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“…Thus, by combining the advantages of photonic crystal hydrogel and micromotors, efficient hydrogel adsorbents with movability and responsiveness can be explored. [16,39] However, such composite micromotors always rely on cumbersome manufacturing procedures in their design and implementation, which restricts their universality in practical environmental remediation applications.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/smll202204479mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Propelled Structural Color Cylindrical Micromotors for Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption and Screening

Shang

Cai

et al. 2022

Small

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Water contamination resulting from heavy metal ions (HMIs) poses a severe threat to public health and the ecosystem. Attempts are tending to develop functional materials to realize efficient and intelligent adsorption of HMIs. Herein, self‐propelled structural color cylindrical micromotors (SCCMs) with reversible HMIs adsorption capacity and self‐reporting property are presented. The SCCMs are fabricated by using platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) tagged responsive hydrogel of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) to asymmetrically replicate tubular colloidal crystal templates (TCCTs). Owing to the self‐propelled motion of the SCCMs, the enhancive ion–motor interactions bring significantly improved decontamination efficiency. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the SCCMs can realize quick and naked‐eye‐visible self‐reporting during the adsorption/desorption process based on their responsive structure color variation and superior adsorption capacity. Thus, it is anticipated that such intelligent SCCMs can significantly facilitate the evolution of sensing assays and diverse environmental fields.

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“…For example, the intestinal peristalsis and highly viscous mucus hamper high-precision actuation and control of miniature robots inside these lumens. − Similarly, biological barriers hinder the movement of microrobots along the GI tract . Therefore, researchers need to figure out optimized strategies to overcome these impairments, including materials fabrication, ,,− actuation mechanism, − and imaging modalities. ,− The final goal of this research will be to employ the remote controlled high-precision feature of the microrobots and translate their application from laboratory to real clinical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microrobots for Targeted Delivery and Therapy in Digestive System

et al. 2022

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Untethered miniature robots enable targeted delivery and therapy deep inside the gastrointestinal tract in a minimally invasive manner. By combining actuation systems and imaging tools, significant progress has been made toward the development of functional microrobots. These robots can be actuated by external fields and fuels while featuring real-time tracking feedback toward certain regions and can perform the therapeutic process by rational exertion of the local environment of the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., pH, enzyme). Compared with conventional surgical tools, such as endoscopic devices and catheters, miniature robots feature minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment, multifunctionality, high safety and adaptivity, embodied intelligence, and easy access to tortuous and narrow lumens. In addition, the active motion of microrobots enhances local penetration and retention of drugs in tissues compared to common passive oral drug delivery. Based on the dissimilar microenvironments in the various sections of the gastrointestinal tract, this review introduces the advances of miniature robots for minimally invasive targeted delivery and therapy of diseases along the gastrointestinal tract. The imaging modalities for the tracking and their application scenarios are also discussed. We finally evaluate the challenges and barriers that retard their applications and hint on future research directions in this field.

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Self‐Propelled Micro‐/Nanomotors as “On‐the‐Move” Platforms: Cleaners, Sensors, and Reactors

Cited by 50 publications

References 200 publications

Metal oxide single-component light-powered micromotors for photocatalytic degradation of nitroaromatic pollutants

Metal oxide single-component light-powered micromotors for photocatalytic degradation of nitroaromatic pollutants

Self‐Propelled Structural Color Cylindrical Micromotors for Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption and Screening

Microrobots for Targeted Delivery and Therapy in Digestive System

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