Self-Rated Health and Socioeconomic Status in Old Age: The Role of Gender and the Moderating Effect of Time and Welfare Regime in Europe

Tur‐Sinai, Aviad; Paz, Amira; Doron, Israel

doi:10.3390/su14074240

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…We elicited health information by asking the participants to rate their general health from 1 (very bad) to 5 (very good). This subjective general state of self-reported health has frequently proved to be a valid indicator of general physical health and a good indicator of morbidity and mortality (Kaplan, et al, 1996; Tur-Sinai et al, 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Among Daily Workplace Incivility, Daily Emotional Exhaustion, Self-Reported Health and Psychological Capital

et al. 2023

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This was a daily diary study using intensive longitudinal methods to evaluate the dynamic structure of relationships among employees’ self-reported health, psychological capital, daily workplace incivility, and daily emotional exhaustion. We recruited 200 participants working in health and fitness clubs for experience sampling and had them file the same questionnaires for 10 consecutive working days. A total of 179 participants (men = 57, 31.85%; women = 122, 68.15%) completed the questionnaires, with a response rate of 89.5%, leading to 1790 data points at the within-person level. We used a multilevel location-scale model of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) for data analysis. We ran the model in Mplus software (version 8.4) and found an autoregressive ‘carry over’ relationship between the previous day’s emotional exhaustion changes on current emotional exhaustion changes ([Formula: see text] = 0.067, CI = [0.003, 0.132]). Daily workplace incivility significantly and positively predicted daily emotional exhaustion at the within-person level ([Formula: see text] = 0.953, CI = [0.465, 1.489]). Self-reported health was negatively associated with a person’s mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion ([Formula: see text] = −0.256, CI = [0.465, 1.489]) and moderated the strength of the workplace incivility effect on emotional exhaustion ([Formula: see text] = −0.201, CI = [−0.292, −0.121]). Finally, psychological capital was negatively related to a person’s mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion ([Formula: see text] = −0.240, CI = [−0.377, −0.102]).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Among Daily Workplace Incivility, Daily Emotional Exhaustion, Self-Reported Health and Psychological Capital

et al. 2023

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“…In the European context, there exists a demographic predominance of women over men, underscoring the significance of upholding gender parity and ensuring equivalent rights for all individuals (Tur- Sinai et al 2022). This limitation of fundamental liberties can be construed as a direct impediment to the genuine economic empowerment of women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Disparity Index in European Former Communist States: Assessing the Influence of EU Membership

Pirju,

Panaitescu,

Sorcaru

et al. 2024

Administrative Sciences

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This research is a reflection on the new challenges in former European communist countries in three areas of gender equality. The analysis employs the gender disparity index (GDI), which encompasses life expectancy, education, and income indices, each equally weighted by gender. The former communist states are categorized into two clusters: the first comprising European Union (EU) member states, and the second consisting of non-EU member states or those in the integration process. The findings indicate pervasive gender-based inequalities across the former European communist bloc. This study offers critical insights for countries seeking EU accession, highlighting the need for targeted policies to address gender disparities in multiple domains. Contrary to the hypothesis positing a connection between feminine cultural values and gender egalitarian practices, the data do not support this assertion. The implications of this research are particularly pertinent for aspiring EU member states, who must navigate issues of monopolism while striving to establish effective principles of business efficiency.

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“…tudies have shown that women generally report a lower self-rated health compared to men, but this di erence seems to decrease with age [22 ,229]. However, a recent longitudinal study using HAR panel data observed a consistent female disadvantage in self-rated health among older uropean adults aged 65 years at baseline and ten years later [230].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between older women and men in healthy ageing

Sialino

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Although women live longer, they experience relatively more unhealthy years (i.e. disabilities in ADLs) during their life and with an earlier onset compared to men, also referred to as the gender health-survival paradox. The female disability disadvantage pinpoints older women as an important target group for prevention strategies that stimulate healthy ageing. THIS THESIS CONSIST OF THREE MAIN OBJECTIVES: 1. To identify differences between older women and men in four domains of healthy ageing and investigate potential socio-demographic subgroups (age, educational level, migration background and birth cohort) for a more pronounced difference. 2. To explore contributing determinants to the female disadvantage in physical and self-rated health by investigating differences between older women and men in sensitivity and exposure. 3. To identify motivators and barriers for a healthy lifestyle and investigate perspectives on determinants of healthy ageing among older (migrant) women and men separately. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OLDER WOMEN AND MEN IN HEALTHY AGEING DOMAINS Our longitudinal analysis among older adults aged 55 years and older demonstrated that women have a significantly worse mental health (Chapter 2), worse (height-adjusted) physical performance (Chapter 3) and worse self-reported physical functioning (Chapter 6) compared to men of the same age. There was, however, no significant difference observed in self-rated health among Dutch older adults (Chapter 4) and there was a female advantage in cognitive functions of memory and processing speed (Chapter S1). The female disadvantage was not consistently more pronounced during ageing or for different educational levels, migration backgrounds or birth cohorts, with respect to mental health (Chapter 2), physical performance (Chapter 3), self-reported physical functioning (Chapter 6), self-rated health (Chapter 4) and cognitive functioning (Chapter S1). However, there was a significant female disadvantage in self-rated health among Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch older adults (Chapter 7) , which was not observed in Dutch older adults (Chapter 4). CONTRIBUTING DETERMINANTS TO THE FEMALE DISADVANTAGES IN PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING AND SELF-RATED HEALTH Our multivariable longitudinal analysis demonstrated that a higher prevalence of various socio-demographic and health-related determinants among women compared to men contributes to the female disadvantage in physical performance and self-reported physical functioning in older adults and in self-rated health among older migrants, especially more pain (exposure theory) (Chapter 5,6,7). In addition, a higher sensitivity to a higher BMI and lower physical activity contributes to the female disadvantage in physical performance (sensitivity theory) (Chapter 5). PERSPECTIVES OF OLDER ADULTS ON LIFESTYLE AND HEALTHY AGEING Our qualitative interview studies among older Dutch, Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch women and men aged 55 years and older showed that personal health was consistently mentioned as a motivator for healthy ageing across all healthy lifestyle factors (Chapter 8, S2). Other motivators and barriers varied across different lifestyle factors and to some extend by migration background and sex. The majority of women and men did not perceive sleep as a lifestyle factor but rather as a non-modifiable personal trait. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this thesis provides information regarding the target group where the female disadvantage is most apparent (who), which determinants should be targeted to decrease the female disadvantage (what) and insights in motivators and barriers for lifestyle determinants related to women’s and men’s health (how). The results provide essential information to reevaluate current strategies and preventions aimed to increase healthy ageing with a diversity focused view to improve health among older women and men. This seems to require an integral approach, stimulating gender equality in career and pay, health and lifestyle improvements to stimulate equity and diminishing the female disadvantages in healthy ageing.

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Self-Rated Health and Socioeconomic Status in Old Age: The Role of Gender and the Moderating Effect of Time and Welfare Regime in Europe

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Among Daily Workplace Incivility, Daily Emotional Exhaustion, Self-Reported Health and Psychological Capital

Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Among Daily Workplace Incivility, Daily Emotional Exhaustion, Self-Reported Health and Psychological Capital

Gender Disparity Index in European Former Communist States: Assessing the Influence of EU Membership

Differences between older women and men in healthy ageing

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