Self Rated Health and Working Conditions of Small-Scale Enterprisers in Sweden

Gunnarsson, Kristina; Vingård, Eva; Josephson, Malin

doi:10.2486/indhealth.45.775

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Hundley 33) concluded entrepreneurs are more satisfied with work because they have more autonomy and flexibility and use their skills more; however, job satisfaction can be dependent on work characteristics and attitudes to work 34) . In a previous cross-sectional study with the same entrepreneurs as in the present study 22) , poor general health, musculoskeletal pain, and mental health problems were associated with poor job satisfaction and poor physical work environment. Job satisfaction may be facilitated by a good social life and should be interpreted as a pathway between social life and health and not as a confounding variable.…”

Section: Comparisons With Previous Researchsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…A study of stress among Finnish farmers, working in a sector populated with small-scale enterprises, concluded good social relationships with friends and family are important for avoiding stress at work 21) . In a cross-sectional study of entrepreneurs living in the central region of Sweden 22) , poor job satisfaction was the strongest work-related factor for poor self-reported health among working conditions, such as poor physical work environment, monotonous work, poor influence over work, and long work hours. Good social life can have a beneficial effect on well-being and act as a buffer against adverse effect on stress 6) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entrepreneurs represented ten different trades 22) . In 2006, 306 subjects completed a postal questionnaire; of these, 55 were no longer entrepreneurs and five did not respond to the question on general health.…”

Section: Study Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrepreneurs' Self‐reported Health, Social Life, and Strategies for Maintaining Good Health

Gunnarsson

Josephson

2011

Journal of Occupational Health

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Entrepreneurs' Self-reported Health, Social Life, and Strategies for Maintaining Good Health: Kristina Gunnarsson, et al. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden-Objectives: This study investigated the association between self-reported good health and self-valued good social life. An additional aim was to examine entrepreneur's strategies for maintaining good health. Methods: The study design included a two-wave questionnaire, with five years between the surveys (2001 and 2006), and qualitative interviews. The study group consisted of 246 entrepreneurs from the central region of Sweden and represented ten different trades. Entrepreneurs reporting good health in both 2001 and 2006 were compared with entrepreneurs reporting poor health on both occasions or with inconsistent answers. Six of the entrepreneurs were strategically chosen for the interview study. Results: Consistent good health was reported by 56% of the entrepreneurs. Good social life in 2001 was associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for consistent good health when the analyses were adjusted for physical work conditions and job satisfaction (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.07-4.17). Findings for good leisure time, weekly moderate physical exercise, and a rating of work being less or equally important as other life areas, were similar but not statistically significant when job satisfaction was considered in the analyses. Strategies for maintaining good health included good planning and control over work, flexibility at work, good social contact with family, friends and other entrepreneurs, and regular physical exercise. Conclusion: This study demonstrated an association between self-reported good health and good social life for entrepreneurs in small-scale enterprises. In addition, the entrepreneurs emphasised strategies such as planning and control over work and physical exercise are important for maintaining good health. (J Occup Health 2011; 53: 205-213)

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Section: Comparisons With Previous Researchsupporting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrepreneurs' Self‐reported Health, Social Life, and Strategies for Maintaining Good Health

Gunnarsson

Josephson

2011

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…These findings are in line with earlier research in several ways. Being a manager in an SSE comes with responsibility for a diverse range of business activities [22] and high levels of conflicting work demands combined with long working hours [8,46]. In addition, high economic pressure, lack of financial and personnel resources may be obstacles to prioritizing health-promoting measures [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambiguity among Managers in Small-Scale Enterprises: How to Handle Business and Workplace Health Management

et al. 2017

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Despite extensive research on health in working life, few studies focus on this issue from the perspective of managers in small-scale enterprises (SSEs). To gain deeper knowledge of managers' perceptions and strategies for dealing with workplace health management, 13 Norwegian and Swedish SSE managers were interviewed after participating in a workplace health development project. The methodical approach was based on Grounded Theory with a constructivist orientation. The main theme that emerged was 'ambiguity in workplace health management and maintaining the business', which was related to the categories 'internal workplace settings', 'workplace surroundings', and 'leadership strategies'. The managers experienced ambiguity due to internal and external demands. These requirements were linked to the core challenges in dealing with multitasking leadership, financial decision-making, labour legislation, staff development and maintaining business. However, the managers developed new skills and competence and thereby a more reflexive approach and readiness to create a health-promoting workplace from being part of a development project. The implications are that managers in SSEs need to exchange experiences and discuss workplace health issues with other managers in networks. It is also important that occupational health services and social and welfare organizations use tailor-made models and strategies for supporting SSEs.

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“…SSEs with fewer than 50 employees constitute more than 98% of all privately owned businesses, operate in most trades (Gunnarsson, Vingård, & Josephsson, 2007) and contribute significantly to wealth and employment (Heyman, Norbäck, & Persson, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing occupational health services in small-scale enterprises: a 10-year perspective

Schmidt

Gunnarsson

Dellve

et al. 2016

Small Enterprise Research

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The aim of this study was to explore how small-scale enterprises (SSEs) utilize occupational health services (OHS) and how the possibility of OHS providers to support occupational health and safety management has developed over a 10-year period. Qualitative interviews were carried out with four OHS providers and their small-scale enterprise clients, with follow-up interviews being conducted with three of the four OHS providers and their small enterprise clients after 10 years, all of whom had experienced a marked change over the 10-year period. The decade saw a change in market conditions for the three interviewed OHS providers with each becoming larger and developing more effective marketing tools. Despite these changes, the OHS providers had not developed more collaborative or closer relationships with their small enterprise clients. Rather than increasing, the utilization of OHS had declined, with health examinations remaining the most purchased service.In addition, the three OHS providers had improved their support for occupational health and safety management in small enterprises.

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Self Rated Health and Working Conditions of Small-Scale Enterprisers in Sweden

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Entrepreneurs' Self‐reported Health, Social Life, and Strategies for Maintaining Good Health

Entrepreneurs' Self‐reported Health, Social Life, and Strategies for Maintaining Good Health

Ambiguity among Managers in Small-Scale Enterprises: How to Handle Business and Workplace Health Management

Utilizing occupational health services in small-scale enterprises: a 10-year perspective

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