Self-referent processing of age-specific material.

Mueller, John H.; Wonderlich, Steve; Dugan, Kenneth

doi:10.1037/0882-7974.1.4.293

Cited by 60 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is consistent with evidence from previous work in the memory domain (e.g., recall, recognition, and source memory) showing a maintained self advantage in memory among older participants (Gutchess et al, 2010;Gutchess et al, 2007;Hamami, Serbun, & Gutchess, 2011;Mueller, Wonderlich, & Dugan, 1986;Rosa & Gutchess, 2011;Yang, Truong, Fuss, & Bislimovic, 2012). Importantly, we also found an enhancing effect of the friend bias in perceptual matching, which correlated with the perceived personal distance between friends and strangers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Aging enhances cognitive biases to friends but not the self

Humphreys

2017

Psychon Bull Rev

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We measured changes in self and friend biases in perceptual matching in young and older participants. Participants learned associations between neutral geometric shapes and three personal labels (You, Friend, or Stranger), representing themselves, their named best friend, and a stranger not corresponding to anyone they knew. They then responded whether the shapes and labels matched or mismatched. In addition, participants reported the perceived personal distance between themselves, their best friend, and a stranger. Relative to young participants, older adults showed an increased bias toward matching their friends over strangers, whereas the bias toward the self over friends tended to decrease. Equivalent results occurred for a perceived personal distance measure, and, on measures of perceptual sensitivity with older participants, the personal distance between friends and strangers correlated with the friend bias in matching. These results indicate that the social bias toward a familiar best friend increases with age and modulates perceptual matching.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Aging enhances cognitive biases to friends but not the self

Humphreys

2017

Psychon Bull Rev

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“…Medial prefrontal cortex is critical to the processing of self-relevant information in that increased engagement of the region during encoding distinguishes items later remembered from those later forgotten . Furthermore, selfreferencing improves memory to the same extent for both young and elderly, which suggests that self-referencing operates similarly in both age groups (Gutchess, Kensinger, Yoon, & Schacter, 2007c;Mueller, Wonderlich, & Dugan, 1986). In contrast to the default state literature, these regions are engaged, rather than suppressed or deactivated, during judgments of self-relevance.…”

contrasting

confidence: 38%

Aging, self-referencing, and medial prefrontal cortex

Gutchess

Kensinger

Schacter

2007

Social Neuroscience

171

142

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The lateral prefrontal cortex undergoes both structural and functional changes with healthy aging. In contrast, there is little structural change in the medial prefrontal cortex, but relatively little is known about the functional changes to this region with age. Using an event-related fMRI design, we investigated the response of medial prefrontal cortex during self-referencing in order to compare age groups on a task that young and elderly perform similarly and that is known to actively engage the region in young adults. Nineteen young (M age023) and seventeen elderly (M age072) judged whether adjectives described themselves, another person, or were presented in upper case. We assessed the overlap in activations between young and elderly for the self-reference effect (self vs. other person), and found that both groups engage medial prefrontal cortex and mid-cingulate during self-referencing. The only cerebral differences between the groups in self versus other personality assessment were found in somatosensory and motorrelated areas. In contrast, age-related modulations were found in the cerebral network recruited for emotional valence processing. Elderly (but not young) showed increased activity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex for positive relative to negative items, which could reflect an increase in controlled processing of positive information for elderly adults.

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“…The exceptions were the senses of uniqueness and self-worth, with regard to which no significant differences were observed, though it is worth noting that older women's self-description was marked by a greater prevalence of positive characteristics (cf. similar result: Gove, Ortega, & Style, 1989;Mueller, Wonderlich, & Dugan, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Multiple roles and sense of identity among women in early and later adulthood

Pilarska¹

2016

RPsych

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The article presents the results of a study conducted on a sample of 80 women aged 19-25 and 72 women aged 40-74. The relationships of the two components of self-complexity (the quantity of self-aspects and the amount of overlap between their contents) with the multidimensionally defined sense of identity were examined. Additionally, phase of life differences in the magnitude of these relationships were also investigated. I used the Self-Complexity Questionnaire (SCQ; Barczak, Besta, & Bazińska, 2007) and the Multidimensional Questionnaire of Identity (MQI; Pilarska, 2012). The obtained results showed that the predictive importance of the number of roles for the sense of identity was marginal, whereas the similarity in the content of roles seemed to favor maintaining the sense of identity. In addition, although significant differences were observed in the self--concept structure and the strength of the sense of identity between the two groups of women, the relationships between these areas of personality were not affected by the phase of the life cycle.Keywords: role overlap; sense of identity; multiple roles; self-complexity.The formation and maintenance of the sense of identity are issues that become particularly important in the context of the current reality, marked by relativism, multidimensionality, and discontinuity. This is because the model of "a changing man in the changing world" (Harwas-Napierała, 2007, p. 21) means a return to thinking about the self in terms of numerous situationally activated self-images. With the self recognized as the basis (material, substance) for identity building, it seems appropriate to look for an answer to the question of what significance the differentiation and variability of the self have to the sense of identity.

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Self-referent processing of age-specific material.

Cited by 60 publications

References 14 publications

Aging enhances cognitive biases to friends but not the self

Aging enhances cognitive biases to friends but not the self

Aging, self-referencing, and medial prefrontal cortex

Multiple roles and sense of identity among women in early and later adulthood

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