Self-Regulation and Magazine Advertising

Self-Regulation and Television Advertising

“…Therefore, "larger" stations might be expected to have stricter guidelines, though print media studies failed to discern any relationship between circulation and various measures of strictness of procedures (Parsons, Rotfeld, and Gray 1987;Rotfeld and Parsons 1989;Utt and Pasternack 1986). Similarly, in the case of 30-minute sales programs, "infomercials," the vehicle's market location or size does not seem to be related to the nature of clearance guidelines for either television stations or cable networks (Hayes and Rotfeld 1989).…”

“…Although top managers probably set policy, if day-to-day responsibilities are diffuse within organizations, employees at different points of the hierarchy make most clearance decisions. Stations following a formal written clearance policy can probably communicate clearance concerns to employees better than stations having no written policy (Rotfeld and Parsons 1989). Stations having written policies, therefore, should have higher levels of substantiation requests and rejection rates.…”

“…Of course, not all managers at all media vehicles follow all these steps. Some might accept everything; some products might be unacceptable regardless of the commercial content (Rotfeld and Parsons 1989).…”

Profile: Does infomercial clearance vary by managerial, organizational, and market factors?

“…Managers generally consider the effect airing an infomercial may have on the station's image, whether claims made appear credible, the amount of available airtime for airing infomercials, and the station's need for revenue. A manager's ethical values and philosophy also enter into infomercial clearance decisions (Rotfeld, Abernethy, & Butler, 1990;Rotfeld & Parsons, 1989;Rotfeld, Parsons, Abernethy, & Pavlik, 1990;Wicks, 1991a). Personal cost, or the pressure to meet sales goals and avoid a negative performance evaluation, might make sales personnel more likely to accept infomercials (Trevino, 1986).…”

Romantic love and sex: Their relationship and impacts on ad attitudes

“…The phrase "in a relationship" thus differentiates romantic love from simple lust, such as would be associated with a one-night stand. To recognize the subtypes of romantic love, this article identifies the degree of sexual explicitness (Rotfeld & Parsons, 1989) as the distinguisher. Companionate love is spiritual in nature and is "the soul's dynamic attempt to achieve oneness with the source of its being .…”