Self-regulation interventions to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in adolescents

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of self-regulation interventions through the use of drink-specific implementation intentions and drink-specific Go/No-Go training tasks as compensatory strategies to modify inhibitory control to reduce intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). In a between-subjects randomized manipulation of implementation intentions and Go/No-Go training to learn to inhibit sugary drink consumption, 168 adolescents reporting inhibitory control problems over sugary drinks and foods were recruited from high schools in southern California to participate. Analysis of covariance overall test of effects revealed no significant differences between the groups regarding calories consumed, calories from SSBs, grams of sugar consumed from drinks, or the number of unhealthy drinks chosen. However, subsequent contrasts revealed SSB implementation intentions significantly reduced SSB consumption following intervention while controlling for inhibitory control failure and general SSB consumption during observation in a lab setting that provided SSBs and healthy drinks, as well as healthy and unhealthy snacks. Specifically, during post-intervention observation, participants in the sugar-sweetened beverage implementation intentions (SSB-II) conditions consumed significantly fewer calories overall, fewer calories from drinks, and fewer grams of sugar. No effects were found for the drink-specific Go/No-Go training on SSB or calorie consumption. However, participants in SSB-II with an added SSB Go/No-Go training made fewer unhealthy drink choices than those in the other conditions. Implementation intentions may aid individuals with inhibitory (executive control) difficulties by intervening on pre-potent behavioral tendencies, like SSB consumption.

Transtheoretical model-based nutritional interventions in adolescents: a systematic review

“…Healthy eating habits are essential to appropriate growth and development in this age group and serve as a protective factor against non-communicable diseases [1,2]. A tendency toward inadequate eating habits among youth has been documented in the literature, including high intake of sugary drinks [3], skipping breakfast [4] and low consumption of fruits and vegetables [5]. Thus, nutritional intervention is required to ensure healthy growth and prevent the development of chronic diseases while still young [6].…”

Desarrollo y validación de una escala de evaluación de la autorregulación del consumo de bebidas endulzadas

“…regulación afectiva y regulación cognitiva, dos aspectos que se han reportado en la literatura como características de la regulación de la conducta (Amieva et al, 2003;Barkley, 2001;Gioia et al, 2002;Kertesz et al, 1997;Magar et al 2008;Miyake et al, 2000;Muraven & Baumeister, 2000;Raffaelli & Crockett, 2003;Raffaelli et al, 2005;Tirapu et al, 2008a). La obtención de estos dos factores aporta evidencia empírica respecto a que la regulación cognitiva y afectiva (Ames et al, 2016;Bandura et al, 2003;Barkley, 2001;Muraven & Baumeister, 2000;Palacios, 2015a;Palacios et al, 2016;Raffaelli et al, 2005;Tirapu et al, 2008) puede ser aplicada para comprender y explicar el rol que tiene en los patrones del consumo de bebidas carbonatadas y endulzadas. Además los factores aquí encontrados, permiten distinguir en la muestra de mexicanos la posible adopción de hábitos para consumir refresco que afectan su salud, así como la capacidad de realizar y mantener comportamientos alimenticios sanos al ejecutar acciones para tener un estilo de vida saludable (Bandura, 1998;Wilson-Barlow et al, 2014).…”

“…Existen estudios que han mostrado una relación entre bajos niveles de autorregulación y autoeficacia con el manejo del peso (Román, Díaz, Cárdenas & Lugli, 2007), el control alimenticio, (Dutton, Davis, Rhode & Brantley, 2004), la alimentación saludable (Wilson-Barlow, Hollins & Clopton, 2014), la conducta alimentaria (Ruiz, Berrocal, López & Rivas, 2003) y circunstancias alimenticias de dieta (Stotland, Zuroff & Roy, 1991). Sin embargo, la investigación de la autorregulación en relación con la alimentación está menos estudiada (Ames et al, 2016;Hughes, Power & O'Connor, 2015;Johnson, Pratt & Wardle, 2012). A pesar de lo anterior, la evidencia muestra claridad respecto a la estructura de la regulación diferenciada en tres modelos (Carey, Neal & Collins, 2004;Raffaelli, Crockett, & Shen, 2005): 1) un modelo global y unidimensional, 2) un modelo de dos factores (emoción y su regulación) que reflejan dominios de emocionalidad y 3) un modelo tripartito que incorpora tres componentes de la regulación (emoción, atención y control).…”

Transtheoretical model-based nutritional interventions in adolescents: a systematic review

“…Healthy eating habits are essential to appropriate growth and development in this age group and serve as a protective factor against non-communicable diseases [1,2]. A tendency toward inadequate eating habits among youth has been documented in the literature, including high intake of sugary drinks [3], skipping breakfast [4] and low consumption of fruits and vegetables [5]. Thus, nutritional intervention is required, since it can lead to improvements in both dietary consumption and eating behaviors.…”

“…Thus, nutritional intervention is required, since it can lead to improvements in both dietary consumption and eating behaviors. 3 The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) describes change not as an individual event but rather as a series of steps that take place according to a person's degree of motivation. Five stages of change have been determined based on motivation level.…”