Self-reported changes in alcohol and tobacco use during COVID-19: findings from the eastern part of WHO European Region

Kilian, Carolin; Neufeld, Maria; Manthey, Jakob; Alavidze, Sophiko; Bobrova, Anastacia; Baron‐Epel, Orna; Berisha, Merita; Bilici, Rabia; Davletov, Kairat; Isajeva, Laura; Yılmaz, Fatma; Karatkevich, Tatsiana; Mereke, Alibek; Milanović, Sanja Musić; Galstyan, Kristine; Muslić, Ljiljana; Okoliyski, Michail; Shabani, Z; Štelemėkas, Mindaugas; Sturua, Lela; Sznitman, Sharon R.; Ünübol, Başak; Ferreira‐Borges, Carina; Rehm, Jürgen

doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckac011

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is inconsistent with some reports of lockdown drinking where older adults were more likely to increase their drinking behaviours, 13 , 17 , 18 but supports other findings that have identified young people as a group particularly at risk of greater alcohol consumption. 29 , 30 Furthermore students had lower odds of reporting decreased alcohol consumption, which contrasts with reports of decreased alcohol consumption by UK students during COVID. 31 Student status is consistently associated with high alcohol consumption, and often with harmful alcohol use, particularly in the UK.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown

McAloney‐Kocaman

McPherson

McGlinchey

et al. 2022

European Journal of Public Health

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Background In response to COVID-19 there have been lockdowns and restrictions to hospitality services. Drinking behaviours often change in response to traumatic events and changes in the drinking environment, and this is influenced by a range of factors. This study explores self-reported changes in alcohol consumption in the third month of the UK lockdown, associations with socio-demographics factors and with COVID-19-related concerns, and mental health and wellbeing. Methods The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study was a longitudinal, online, three-wave survey of 1958 UK adults. Data were collected during the first UK lockdown; wave 1 launched 23 March 2020, wave 2 was 1 month after and wave 3 2 months after completion of wave 1A hierarchical multinomial regression model was estimated to investigate factors associated with changes in perceived alcohol consumption in the third month of the lockdown. Results The majority of participants reported changes in drinking (62%) with over one-third indicating increased consumption. Student status and worries about the financial implications of COVID-19 were associated with lower odds of decreased alcohol consumption. Those with above average income and those with children in the household had lower odds of increased alcohol consumption, while younger adults had higher odds of increased alcohol consumption. Conclusions This study adds to the growing body of research showing changes in alcohol consumption behaviours during the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, and identifies risk and protective factors which can aid in targeting intervention at those most in need of support.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown

McAloney‐Kocaman

McPherson

McGlinchey

et al. 2022

European Journal of Public Health

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“…The prevalence of cases with AUDIT ≥ 15 increased from 7.9% to 29.1% during the severe lockdown, while the prevalence of cases with AUDIT ≥ 20 increased from 3.9% to 17.4%. In contrast, Kilian ( 34 ) found that about half of the respondents (11,295 adults from 18 Eastern European countries) indicating past-year alcohol or tobacco use reported no change in their consumption. In addition, among alcohol users who reported changes in their alcohol use, a larger proportion reported a decrease rather than an increase in most countries, the opposite was true for tobacco use; women, young adults and past-year harmful alcohol users were identified as being more likely to change their consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychoactive substance use, internet use and mental health changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in a French population: A study of gender effect

et al. 2022

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IntroductionCOVID-19 has enormous impacts on each individual. The goals of our study were (1) to assess the rate of internet and psychoactive substance use, clinical depression and anxiety in a French population during the lockdown (2) to study the role of clinical and socio-demographic variables (especially, gender).Materials and methodsDuring lockdown, an online anonymous questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic and health data, previous psychiatric history, anterior and current internet and psychoactive substance use, current anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. The associations of socio-demographic, clinical variables with anxiety, depression, internet or psychoactive substance use were examined.ResultsThe study included 263 participants (aged 38.1 ± 15.3−197 males and 64 females). During the lockdown, internet use increased in 14.4% of cases, alcohol use in 20.2%, and tobacco use in 6.8%. In contrast, more participants reported a decrease in alcohol, tobacco or illicit drug use (25.9, 24, and 27.8% respectively). Anxiety was reported in 62.4% and depression in 20.2% of cases; 29.7% of participants reported an increase in anxiety and 25.5% an increase in depression. Depression was associated with an increase in internet and tobacco use. Tobacco and alcohol use were positively associated and an increase in use was more frequent in previous users of both substances. Maintaining a daily routine and relationships with family, being self-employed were associated to lower risks of depression and anxiety.ConclusionHigher rates of internet use, as well as depression and anxiety, were observed during the lockdown. Gender was not a significant associated factor.

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“…All the analyses were stratified for the country of residence (i.e., Canada or France). All exposure variables were entered in multivariable models without a variable selection procedure, except for the AUDIT score, which was excluded because it was overly correlated with our study outcome, as demonstrated in previous COVID-19 studies [ 31 , 45 ]. All the analyses were performed using R version 4.0.3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite emerging research documenting variations in changes of alcohol use across study settings [ 2 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], it remains unclear as to how and why these previously identified factors occur within and across countries. Most international research works in this area have pooled their entire sample when reporting findings [ 30 , 31 ], thereby limiting understandings about how contextual factors (e.g., socio-cultural habits, alcohol regulatory frameworks) may impact alcohol use patterns among young adult populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, alcohol use was described as a social inclusion ritual in France, deeply embedded in the “French culture” (frequently associated with the notion of “art de vivre”) [ 32 ], while in Canada, limited alcohol control policies have been implemented, including limited promotion of health and safety messaging about alcohol [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Self-Reported Changes in Alcohol Use among Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis between Canada and France

Coulaud

Airagnes

McGrath

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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While the COVID-19 pandemic impacted young adults’ alcohol use patterns, little is known about how changes in alcohol use may differ across different settings. Our objective was to identify and compare factors associated with changes in alcohol use among young adults in Canada and France during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey in October–December 2020 with young adults aged 18–29 (n = 5185) in Canada and France. In each country, weighted multinomial logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with self-reported decrease and increase in alcohol use separately (reference: no change). Respectively, 33.4% and 21.4% reported an increase in alcohol use in Canada and France, while 22.9% and 33.5% reported a decrease. Being 25–29 was a predictor of decrease in Canada, while living away from family was associated with an increase in France. In both countries, participants were more likely to report an increase if they reported depressive symptoms, smoking tobacco, or cannabis use. Conversely, those who had been tested for COVID-19 and those who were highly compliant with COVID-19 preventive measures were more likely to report a decrease. Efforts are needed to develop alcohol use interventions for young adults, including in ways that prioritize those with mental health challenges.

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Self-reported changes in alcohol and tobacco use during COVID-19: findings from the eastern part of WHO European Region

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown

Factors associated with changing alcohol consumption during the first UK lockdown

Psychoactive substance use, internet use and mental health changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in a French population: A study of gender effect

Factors Associated with Self-Reported Changes in Alcohol Use among Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis between Canada and France

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