Self-reported faster eating associated with higher ALT activity in middle-aged, apparently healthy Japanese women

Mochizuki, Kazuki; Hariya, Natsuyo; Miyauchi, Rie; Misaki, Yasumi; Ichikawa, Yoko; Goda, Toshinao

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2013.07.016

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The literature search yielded 3925 articles, of which 61 were reviewed in full. Finally, 23 published studies [7][8][9][10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] were eligible for inclusion in the analysis, of which 20 were cross-sectional studies, [7][8][9][10][11][14][15][16][17][18][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] two were longitudinal studies 20,31 and one provided results from both study designs. 26 The eating rate was evaluated using self-reporting in 22 studies [7][8][9][10][11]…”

Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 In one study, the data from only male subjects were included in the analysis, because no data from female subjects were reported. 22 Seventeen studies 7,8,10,[14][15][16][17]20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31] provided an estimate of the association between eating rate and indices of excess body weight that was adjusted for confounding factors, whereas six studies 9,11,12,18,21,28 reported the unadjusted analysis.…”

Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Association of eating rate with BMI: cross-sectional study Fifteen cross-sectional studies 7,[9][10][11][12]14,17,18,22,[25][26][27][28][29][30] investigated the association between eating rate and the mean value of BMI, 12 of which were included in the meta-analysis. Subjects eating quickly had a significantly higher mean value of BMI than those eating slowly: the pooled estimate of the mean differences in BMIs between those eating quickly and slowly was 1.78 kg m − 2 (95% CI, 1.53-2.04 kg m − 2 ; Figure 2a).…”

Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2015

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Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Search and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2015

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“…Many other studies have also demonstrated that unhealthy eating habits, such as skipping breakfast, eating until full, preferring salty food, and smoking were risk factors for the development of MetS [ 14 – 16 ]. A number of studies have indicated that self-reported eating speed is not only positively associated with being overweight [ 17 , 18 ] and with waist-to-height ratio [ 19 ] but also with insulin resistance [ 20 ], impaired glucose tolerance [ 21 ], type 2 diabetes [ 22 ], alanine amino-transferase activity [ 23 , 24 ], nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [ 25 , 26 ] and endoscopic erosive gastritis [ 27 ]. However, only a few studies have explored the association between eating speed and MetS [ 28 – 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between self-reported eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a Beijing adult population: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundResearch on the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components and eating speed is limited in China. The present study aimed to clarify the association between MetS, its components and eating speed in a Beijing adult population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 7972 adults who were 18–65 years old and who received health check-ups at the Beijing Physical Examination Center in 2016. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between MetS, its components and eating speed.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS in this population was 24.65% (36.02% for males and 10.18% for females). Eating speed was significantly associated with a high risk for MetS, elevated blood pressure, and central obesity for both genders. Eating speed was associated with a high risk for elevated triglycerides and with a reduction in high-density lipoprotein in males, and eating speed was associated with a high risk for elevated fasting plasma glucose in females. Compared with slow eating speed, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of medium eating speed and fast eating speed for MetS were 1.65 (95% confidence interval 1.32–2.07) and 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.80–2.86) for all subjects, 1.58 (95% confidence interval 1.21–2.07) and 2.21 (95% confidence interval 1.69–2.91) for males, and 1.75 (95% confidence interval 1.15–2.68) and 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.46–3.53) for females, respectively.ConclusionsEating speed is positively associated with MetS and its components. Future recommendations aiming to prevent MetS and its components may focus on eating speed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5784-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Recent studies showed that ALT was positively associated with the eating speed in Japanese men and women [8,9]. However, these studies did not examine the association between eating quickly and ALT elevation, a surrogate marker of NAFLD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

et al. 2020

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Background An elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and a low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to ALT ratio (AST/ALT ratio) suggest nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, eating quickly has been found to be associated with outcomes such as obesity. This study sought to investigate the relationship between eating quickly and an elevated ALT or a low AST/ALT ratio in Japanese middle-aged adults. Methods The present study included 283,073 adults aged 40–64 years who had annual health checkups in Japan from April 2013 to March 2014. The data of serum parameters and lifestyle factors, including eating speed, were analyzed. An elevated ALT was defined as > 40 U/L, and a low AST/ALT ratio was defined as < 1. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. Results Significantly increased ORs for an elevated ALT were observed in men (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.41–1.49) and women (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25–1.43). Moreover, eating quickly significantly increased the ORs for a low AST/ALT ratio in men (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.50–1.56) and women (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.31–1.41). When the analysis was limited to those with ALT ≤40 U/L, eating quickly had significantly increased ORs for a low AST/ ALT ratio, regardless of sex. Conclusions Eating quickly was significantly associated with an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. In addition, eating quickly was significantly associated with a low AST/ALT ratio even for those without ALT elevation. This study suggested that modification of eating speed may contribute to reducing the risk for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio.

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Self-reported faster eating associated with higher ALT activity in middle-aged, apparently healthy Japanese women

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association between self-reported eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a Beijing adult population: a cross-sectional study

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

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