Self‐reported Gang Involvement and Officially Recorded Delinquency*

Curry, G. David

doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2000.tb01422.x

Cited by 156 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is consistent with the existing literature regarding the prevalence of female gang involvement. 33, 34 Although this estimate may be subject to desirability bias, Curry 35 suggests that self-reported gang membership is a reliable indicator of gang involvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gang Involvement and the Health of African American Female Adolescents

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. Objective. To examine the association between gang involvement and female adolescents' health.Methods. African American adolescent females (N ‫؍‬ 522) completed a survey that assessed their history of gang involvement and health behaviors and provided specimens that were analyzed for marijuana use and sexually transmitted diseases.Results. In logistic regression analyses, adolescents with a history of gang involvement were more likely to have been expelled from school (odds ratio [OR]: 3.6), be a binge drinker (OR: 3.3), have a positive toxicologic test for marijuana (OR: 2.6), have been in 3 or more fights in the past 6 months (OR: 3.8), have a nonmonogamous partner (OR: 2.4), and test positive for Trichomonas vaginalis (OR: 2.2) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (OR: 3.6).Conclusion. This study extends the current research on risk behaviors associated with gang involvement to include biological markers for substance use and sexual health outcomes, namely, marijuana use and sexually transmitted diseases. Pediatrics 2002;110(5). URL: http:// www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/110/5/e57; female gang involvement, sexually transmitted diseases, marijuana.ABBREVIATIONS. STD, sexually transmitted disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.T he proliferation of youth gangs in the 1980s and 1990s has made gang involvement a growing social and public health concern for adolescents and society in general. Initially, research on gangs concentrated almost exclusively on males, 1 tacitly assuming that females did not typically participate in "masculine" acts of vandalism, violence, and other serious threats. Recent studies, however, consistently indicate that although female gang members, relative to male gang members, have lower delinquency rates, they are higher than those of nongang-involved males and females. [2][3][4] The prevalence of female gang involvement is substantial. Several recent nationwide surveys conducted by law enforcement agencies have estimated that between 8% and 11% of all gang members are female. 5,6 This may be an underestimate, however, as surveys of at-risk youth in a wide range of cities have identified between 9% and 22% of females as claiming gang membership. 7,8 Although statistics have not been recorded by gender, the National Youth Gang Center reported that in 1999, among gang members, 47% were Hispanic, 31% were African American, and 13% reported being white. 5 Female adolescents' gang involvement has been associated with their participation in a diverse array of health-compromising behaviors such as violence, 8 -10 risky sexual behaviors, 3,11,12 antisocial behaviors, 8,9 drug abuse, 3,13-15 and alcohol abuse. 14 Although these studies have been valuable in describing the prevalence and some of the adverse health consequences associated with female gang involvement, their validity and generalizability may be limited. Generally, these findings are derived from studies of incarcerated youth, 10,16 school-based populations, 7,8 or youth in large urban areas in the West 18,14 and Midwest. 2...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gang Involvement and the Health of African American Female Adolescents

et al. 2002

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“…Youth gangs are an important focus of contemporary research into youth crime and delinquency, due to the fact that gang-affiliated youth are responsible for a disproportionate amount of serious and violent criminal offenses (Thornberry, 1998) with their concomitant social, legal, and criminal justice costs (Covey, 2003). To date, much of the research into gang affiliation and activity has been criminological and sociological in nature (Bennett & Holloway, 2004;, but there has been some recent focus on the psychological and personality variables that are associated with gang affiliation Thornberry, Krohn, Lizotte, Smith, & Tobin, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal attitudes and psychopathic personality attributes of youth gang offenders in Singapore

Chu

Daffern

Thomas

et al. 2013

Psychology, Crime & Law

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Gang-affiliated youth are responsible for a disproportionate amount of serious and violent offenses. However, there is scant focus on the psychological variables that could be important for treatment planning and program development. Awareness of these variables is important for treatment planning and program development and also, potentially, for understanding which youth may be attracted to gangs. This study compared the criminal attitudes and psychopathic personality attributes of gang-and nongang-affiliated youth offenders (N 0168) residing in youth correctional institutions in Singapore. Multivariate analyses indicated that favorable attitudes toward gangs (ATG), violence, and criminal associates remained significantly associated with gang membership after accounting for favorable attitudes toward violence and criminal associates, as well as increased attitudes of entitlement and impulsive/irresponsible traits. These attitudes were likely to perpetuate gang affiliation and criminal behavior, and thus should be a focus for intervention and rehabilitation efforts.

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“…Ces liens durables compliquent le processus et ne peuvent être minimisés. (Bjerregaard, 2002 ;Curry, 2000 ;Curry et Decker, 1998 ;Esbensen, Peterson, Taylor et Freng, 2009 ;Esbensen, Winfree, He et Taylor, 2001). Les informations recueillies au moyen de l'instrument sur l'affiliation aux gangs comprenaient : l'âge de la première affiliation, les motivations pour adhérer à un gang, les personnes qui les ont introduites, la description de leur initiation, la composition et le niveau d'organisation de leur gang et les conflits.…”

Section: Facteurs Dissuasifs à La Désaffiliationunclassified

Le processus de désaffiliation aux gangs. Le rôle des facteurs individuels et collectifs

Descormiers

Corrado

2015

crimino

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Dans cet article, il est question du processus de désaffiliation au sein d’un échantillon de 73 membres de gangs incarcérés dans un centre de détention en Colombie-Britannique. Plus précisément, cet article examine si la désaffiliation est associée aux caractéristiques individuelles ou plutôt aux caractéristiques et aux processus collectifs. Pour ce faire, les différences entre les membres toujours affiliés (n = 51) et ceux s’étant désistés (n = 22) sont dans un premier temps examinées. Deuxièmement, une régression logistique est utilisée afin de déterminer quels sont les facteurs les plus susceptibles de prédire une désaffiliation au sein de l’échantillon. Les principaux résultats semblent indiquer que la violence au sein du gang ainsi que l’environnement criminel de la recrue favorisent la continuation de l’affiliation et retardent ainsi le désistement. Cet article a aussi pour objectif d’illustrer le contexte dans lequel se déroule la désaffiliation, en examinant (a) le rôle d’évènements potentiels précipitant la décision de se désaffilier et (b) le rôle spécifique joué par la violence dans le processus de désaffiliation. Ces deux derniers objectifs sont abordés dans l’analyse des récits des 22 participants ayant récemment quitté leur gang. Le but premier de cette analyse qualitative est de bonifier les résultats issus de l’analyse quantitative, qui ne parvient peut-être pas à capturer le spectre complet du processus décisionnel.The present study examines the process of gang disaffiliation among a sample of 73 incarcerated gang members in British Columbia, looking at whether termination of membership is associated with individual characteristics or is more influenced by group characteristics and processes. The differences between active members (n = 51) and those who have left the gang (n = 22) are examined. A logistic regression is then used to determine which factors were more likely to predict gang disaffiliation among those in our sample. The results suggest that internal gang violence and a pre-membership criminal social environment support continued membership and thus delay disaffiliation. The article also examines the context in which disaffiliation takes place, looking at (a) the role of potential triggering events on the decision to leave the gang and (b) the role of violence in the process of disaffiliation. These two last objectives are addressed by analysing the narratives of the 22 participants of this study who had recently left their gangs. This qualitative analysis complements the quantitative results, which may not capture the full spectrum of the decision process.En el presente artículo, se debate sobre el proceso de desafiliación en el seno de una muestra de 73 miembros de pandillas encarceladas en un centro de detención de Colombia Británica. Más precisamente, el artículo examina si la desafiliación está asociada a características individuales o más bien a características y procesos colectivos. Para ello, las diferencias entre los miembros afiliados (n = 51) y aquellos que se habían desist...

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Self‐reported Gang Involvement and Officially Recorded Delinquency*

Cited by 156 publications

References 12 publications

Gang Involvement and the Health of African American Female Adolescents

Gang Involvement and the Health of African American Female Adolescents

Criminal attitudes and psychopathic personality attributes of youth gang offenders in Singapore

Le processus de désaffiliation aux gangs. Le rôle des facteurs individuels et collectifs

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