Self-reported impulsivity in male offenders with low cognitive ability in New South Wales prisons

Snoyman, Phillip; Aicken, Berindah

doi:10.1080/10683160903392541

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It has been suggested that individuals with lower cognitive abilities may be less likely to comprehend the consequences of reporting their impulsive events, and are therefore more likely to disclose impulse-related behaviors and feelings, and to self-report high impulsivity. This phenomenon has been reported in prison inmates [29], and in children with learning difficulties [30] and ADHD [13]. Alternatively, many individuals with higher cognitive abilities are thought to under-report impulsive behaviors due to embarrassment, or because they are fearful of potential consequences in disclosing impulsive behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Trait Impulsivity Is Independent of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Parkinson’s Disease Cohort

Jeyadevan

Bakeberg

Byrnes

et al. 2019

Parkinson's Disease

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Introduction Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly experience cognitive deficits and some also develop impulse control disorders (ICDs); however, the relationship between impulsivity and cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. This study investigated whether trait impulsivity associates with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or is altered in a PD patient cohort with MCI. Methods A total of 302 patients with idiopathic PD were recruited sequentially from three Australian Movement Disorder clinics. Based on cognitive scores, participants were divided into two groups, one defined as having mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI; n = 113) and the other with normal cognitive function (PD-C; n = 189). Trait impulsivity was evaluated using the Barrett Impulsiveness Scale 11 (BIS-11). Total impulsivity scores, as well as subscale scores, were compared between PD-C and PD-MCI groups. Results The PD-MCI cohort had significantly lower scores in all cognitive domains, and mirrored expected clinical differences in medication, motor symptoms, and disease duration, when compared to the PD-C cohort. Self-reported impulsivity was not significantly different between groups, nor was there a difference within first-order subscale scores: attention (p=0.137), cognitive instability (p=0.787), self-control (p=0.503), cognitive complexity (p=0.157), motor impulsivity (p=0.559), or perseverance (p=0.734) between the PD-MCI and PD-C groups. Conclusions These findings suggest that impulsive traits and behaviors are independent of changes in cognitive state and are not altered in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Trait Impulsivity Is Independent of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Parkinson’s Disease Cohort

Jeyadevan

Bakeberg

Byrnes

et al. 2019

Parkinson's Disease

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“…Although probably most of the studies we have reviewed, did rely on full IQ testing, we observe a persistent lack of detailed assessment information to date. Returning to the aforementioned double special issue of Psychology, Crime & Law from 2011, it appears that none of seven empirical studies (Blacker, Beech, Wilcox, & Boer, 2011;Fitzgerald, Gray, Taylor, & Snowden, 2011;Holland & Perrson, 2011;Lindsay et al, 2011;Lunsky et al, 2011;Singh et al, 2011;Snoyman & Aicken, 2011) reported both full-scale IQs and a description of how exactly the level of adaptive functioning had been measured. Only a few provided some/more details on the circumstances of the IQ assessment.…”

Section: Full-scale Iq Testingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Intelligent Diagnosing of Intellectual Disabilities in Offenders: Food for Thought

Uzieblo¹,

Winter

Vanderfaeillie

et al. 2012

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Research on offenders with intellectual disabilities (IDs) in the criminal justice arena is on the rise, reflected by a growing number of relevant publications each year. However, there is a long recognized methodological problem that hampers the comparability of empirical studies and that raises doubts about the accuracy of prevalence rates, comorbidities, and various correlates and characteristics. In this paper we will argue that the crux of the problem can, on the one hand, be found in the plurality of assessment methods for intelligence and adaptive functioning, which are not all sufficiently reliable and valid. On the other hand, assessment of IQ in criminal justice and mental health-related areas appears to be informed more by practical aspects and needs rather than grounded in a solid theoretical model. Hence, we suggest that the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of intelligence has potential value in this regard, and deserves a closer look. Finally, we will discuss its incorporation into, and possible implications for, criminal justice practice and future study designs.

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“…To account for the effects of trait impulsivity on outcome measures, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11) [20] will be completed at baseline, using the version adapted for use in people with IDD [21,22]. tDCS adverse effects:…”

Section: Trait Impulsivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) To Reduce Impulsivity and Aggression in Adults With Intellectual Developmental Disabilities: The tDCS-RIADD Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol

Khalifa

Hawken

Bickle

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Challenging behaviours, in particular aggressive behaviours, are prevalent among people with intellectual developmental disabilities. Predictors of challenging behaviours are numerous, including past history of aggression, poor coping skills and impulsivity. Factors like motor or Rapid Response Impulsivity (RRI), have neurobiological underpinnings that may be amenable to change via neuromodulation using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques like transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Methods This study aims to determine the efficacy of anodal tDCS in reducing RRI and incidents of aggression in people with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) in residential or hospital settings. Using a single blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial design, adults with IDD, with a history of impulsivity leading to aggression, will be randomised to receive either repetitive anodal or sham tDCS applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Outcome measures assessing impulsivity and aggression, will be collected for up to one month following the last tDCS session. Discussion The results of this study may pave the way for developing targeted interventions for impulsivity and aggressive behaviours in people with IDD.

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Self-reported impulsivity in male offenders with low cognitive ability in New South Wales prisons

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Trait Impulsivity Is Independent of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Parkinson’s Disease Cohort

Trait Impulsivity Is Independent of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Parkinson’s Disease Cohort

Intelligent Diagnosing of Intellectual Disabilities in Offenders: Food for Thought

The Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) To Reduce Impulsivity and Aggression in Adults With Intellectual Developmental Disabilities: The tDCS-RIADD Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol

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