Self‐reported injection practices among people who use drugs in French prisons: Public health implications (ANRS‐Coquelicot survey 2011–2013)

Laurent, Michel; Trouiller, Philippe; Chollet, Anne-Marie; Molinier, Marie; Duchesne, Lucie; Jauffret‐Roustide, Marie

doi:10.1111/dar.12620

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A large proportion of people in prison have a history of injection drug use. Although some people stop injecting while in custody, others continue, and even though they typically do so at a lower frequency, each injection episode is high risk ( 16 ) because of the lack of access to clean injecting equipment in most prisons ( 17 , 18 ). Lazarus et al ( 19 ) reviewed what is known about the impacts of prison needle and syringe programs (PNSPs) on health outcomes for clients of these programs.…”

Section: Infectious Diseases In Prisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Improving the Health of People Who Experience Incarceration: An Overview and Synthesis

Kinner

Young

2018

Epidemiologic Reviews

123

105

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The world prison population is growing at a rate that exceeds the rate of population growth. This issue of Epidemiologic Reviews comprises articles in which researchers summarize what is known about some of the key health issues facing people in prison, particularly in relation to human immunodeficiency virus and other blood-borne viral infections. A key recurring theme is that addressing the health needs of people in prison is important to reducing health inequalities at the population level—that prisoner health is public health. The reviews also highlight some critical evidence gaps, notably the lack of evidence from low- and middle-income countries, and the limited number of longitudinal studies in which health behaviors, health outcomes, or health service experiences after release from prison are documented. Despite growing evidence of the poor health of detained adolescents, none of the included reviews considered this population. Further research on the health of young people who cycle through juvenile detention should be a priority. Despite a rapidly growing literature on the health of people who experience incarceration, some critical health issues remain poorly understood, and there has been insufficient attention devoted to co-occurring health conditions and the consequent need for coordinated care. Key populations in custodial settings remain understudied, limiting capacity to develop targeted, evidence-based responses to their health needs. The quality of many studies is suboptimal, and although rigorous, independent research in correctional settings can be challenging, it is not impossible and is critical to laying the groundwork for evidence-based reform.

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Section: Infectious Diseases In Prisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Improving the Health of People Who Experience Incarceration: An Overview and Synthesis

Kinner

Young

2018

Epidemiologic Reviews

123

105

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“…Incarceration is associated with increases in HIV-and HCV-related risk behaviour among PWID both in prison and after release [19][20][21][22], and may be a driver of HCV and HIV transmission among PWID [6,7,19,23,24]. Incarceration is associated with self-reported transitions to injecting drug use, sharing of injecting equipment inside prison (because of their scarcity), sharing tattooing and shaving materials, and unprotected sex [19,20,[25][26][27]. Injecting and other risks (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Univariable associations between a history of incarceration and HIV and HCV prevalence among people who inject drugs across 17 countries in Europe 2006 to 2020 – is the precautionary principle applicable?

Wiessing

Kalamara²,

Stone

et al. 2021

Eurosurveillance

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Background People who inject drugs (PWID) are frequently incarcerated, which is associated with multiple negative health outcomes. Aim We aimed to estimate the associations between a history of incarceration and prevalence of HIV and HCV infection among PWID in Europe. Methods Aggregate data from PWID recruited in drug services (excluding prison services) or elsewhere in the community were reported by 17 of 30 countries (16 per virus) collaborating in a European drug monitoring system (2006–2020; n = 52,368 HIV+/−; n = 47,268 HCV+/−). Country-specific odds ratios (OR) and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated from country totals of HIV and HCV antibody status and self-reported life-time incarceration history, and pooled using meta-analyses. Country-specific and overall population attributable risk (PAR) were estimated using pooled PR. Results Univariable HIV OR ranged between 0.73 and 6.37 (median: 2.1; pooled OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.52–2.42). Pooled PR was 1.66 (95% CI 1.38–1.98), giving a PAR of 25.8% (95% CI 16.7–34.0). Univariable anti-HCV OR ranged between 1.06 and 5.04 (median: 2.70; pooled OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 2.17–2.91). Pooled PR was 1.42 (95% CI: 1.28–1.58) and PAR 16.7% (95% CI: 11.8–21.7). Subgroup analyses showed differences in the OR for HCV by geographical region, with lower estimates in southern Europe. Conclusion In univariable analysis, a history of incarceration was associated with positive HIV and HCV serostatus among PWID in Europe. Applying the precautionary principle would suggest finding alternatives to incarceration of PWID and strengthening health and social services in prison and after release (‘throughcare’).

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“…In a survey of French prisoners, 14.5% reported WPDI, with over 40% having shared injection paraphernalia. In Australia, although WPDI decreased during incarceration, syringe-sharing increased [15,16]. In Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine and Indonesia, WPDI was reported by 86, 57 and 56% of incarcerated PWID (only HIV-positive prisoners were surveyed in Ukraine and Indonesia), respectively [17][18][19].…”

Section: Prevention Of Hiv and Hepatitis C Virus In Prisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisons

Kamarulzaman

Verster

Altice

2019

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Purpose of review-People with HIV and HCV are concentrated within criminal justice settings globally, primarily related to criminalization of drug use. This review examines updated prevention and treatment strategies for HIV and HCV within prison with a focus on people who inject drugs and the challenges associated with the provision of these services within prisons and other closed settings and transition to the community. Recent findings-The prevalence of HIV and HCV are several-fold higher in the criminal justice system than within the broader community particularly in regions with high prevalence of injecting drug use, such as Asia, Eastern Europe and North America and where drug use is criminalized. Strategies to optimize management for these infections include routine screening linked to treatment within these settings and medication-assisted treatments for opioid dependence and access to syringe services programs. We build upon the 2016 WHO Consolidated Guidelines through the lens of the key populations of prisoners. Linkage to treatment postrelease, has been universally dismal, but is improved when linked to medication-assisted therapies like methadone, buprenorphine and overdose management. In many prisons, particularly in low-income and middle-income settings, provision of even basic healthcare including mental healthcare and basic HIV prevention tools remain suboptimal. Summary-In order to address HIV and HCV prevention and treatment within criminal justice settings, substantial improvement in the delivery of basic healthcare is needed in many prisons worldwide together with effective screening, treatment and linkage of treatment and prevention services to medication-assisted therapies within prison and linkage to care after release.

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Self‐reported injection practices among people who use drugs in French prisons: Public health implications (ANRS‐Coquelicot survey 2011–2013)

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Understanding and Improving the Health of People Who Experience Incarceration: An Overview and Synthesis

Understanding and Improving the Health of People Who Experience Incarceration: An Overview and Synthesis

Univariable associations between a history of incarceration and HIV and HCV prevalence among people who inject drugs across 17 countries in Europe 2006 to 2020 – is the precautionary principle applicable?

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