Self-Reported Personality Traits and Informant-Rated Cognition: A 10-Year Prospective Study

Sutin, Angelina R.; Stéphan, Yannick; Terracciano, Antonio

doi:10.3233/jad-190555

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, studies that include informant data may also help to reduce bias as these reports are independent from the participant's personality. The few existing studies that have done so suggest significant associations of cognitive behavior with neuroticism and conscientiousness (Slavin et al, 2010; Sutin et al, 2019a) as well as openness (Slavin et al, 2010). Further (ambulatory) research that also includes informant ratings and more objective indicators of cognitive behavior will help to disentangle potential reporting bias and actual behavior.…”

Section: Conceptual Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models need to be tested and compared with appropriate study designs that also identify potential mechanisms. For neuroticism, the mental processes model may explain more variance than the others, given that mental noise has been suggested as a characteristic process (Flehmig et al, 2007; Robinson & Tamir, 2005) and previous research indirectly weakens the models of cognitive abilities (Aschwanden et al, 2018) and reporting bias (P. L. Hill et al, 2020; Lange & Süß, 2014; Slavin et al, 2010; Sutin et al, 2019a). For the remaining traits, it is difficult to suggest a specific model without speculating too much beyond the available data.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a cross‐sectional study that included three of the five personality traits, higher neuroticism and both lower openness and conscientiousness were associated with more informant‐reported memory complaints (Slavin et al, 2010). In a longitudinal study that assessed all five traits, participants who reported themselves as higher in neuroticism and lower in conscientiousness at baseline were rated by informants as having more cognitive difficulties 10 years later (Sutin et al, 2019a). These studies suggest that the association of neuroticism, openness, and conscientiousness with cognitive behavior are not due to reporting bias and weaken the reporting bias model.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, sometimes cognitive complaints are measured with a single question only (e.g., “Do you have complaints about your memory?”) (Comijs, Deeg, Dik, Twisk, & Jonker, 2002). Informants (i.e., a person who knows the participant well) are also sometimes asked to rate the participants' cognitive behavior (Slavin et al, 2010; Sutin et al, 2019a). Cognitive failures are relatively common, and most people experience them from time to time, especially under stress, tiredness or bad mood (Lange & Süß, 2014; Mahoney, Dalby, & King, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between personality and cognitive failures/complaints

Aschwanden

Sutin

Luchetti

et al. 2020

Social & Personality Psych

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This systematic review examined the associations of personality traits with cognitive failures and cognitive complaints across the adult lifespan. We first present three conceptual models (cognitive abilities, mental processes, and reporting bias) that could explain why personality is related to such behaviors. We then conducted five separate meta‐analyses with 10–17 cross‐sectional samples (N = 7,642 – 10,564) that were identified through a systematic literature search following the MOOSE guidelines. Higher neuroticism (r = .39, 95% CI [0.32, 0.45]) and lower conscientiousness (r = −.36, 95% CI [−.42, −.29]) were related to more cognitive failures and complaints. Lower scores on the remaining traits were also associated with more cognitive failures and complaints, yet to a weaker extent (extraversion: r = −.14, 95% CI [−.20, −.08]; openness: r = −.07, 95% CI [−.11, −.03]; agreeableness: r = −.13, 95% CI [−.21, −.05]). With the current empirical evidence, it is not possible to tell which of the three conceptual models explains how much of the associations. For neuroticism, there is more support for the mental processes than the reporting bias model, but more research is needed to fully test mechanistic models. We provide several suggestions for future research to address existing limitations of the literature on personality and cognitive failures and complaints.

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Section: Conceptual Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between personality and cognitive failures/complaints

Aschwanden

Sutin

Luchetti

et al. 2020

Social & Personality Psych

Self Cite

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“…Discrepancies in self-and informant measures of depression may stem from de cits of PWD to rate their own mood due to impaired verbal expression and potential confounding with cognitive symptoms (54). Informant-ratings are therefore frequently used to assess symptoms in PWD and are recommended to corroborate or substitute patients' self-reports (55). Research on prevalence of depression in nursing home residents with dementia usually relies on informant-reports, which are mostly obtained from clinicians or staff members such as trained nursing professionals (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concordance of Self- and Informant-Rated Depressive Symptoms in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia: Cross-Sectional Findings

O’Sullivan¹,

Schweighart²,

Lech³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Depression is highly prevalent in nursing home residents living with moderate to severe dementia. However, assessing depressive symptoms in residents with dementia can be challenging and may vary by rater perspective. We aimed to investigate the concordance of, and factors associated with self- and informant-rated depressive symptoms in nursing home residents with dementia.Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from N=162 nursing home residents with dementia (age: 53-100; 74% women). Self-ratings were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale, while the Subscale D of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory was used for informant-ratings. Cohen’s Kappa was calculated to determine concordance of both measures and of each with antidepressant medication. Associations with sociodemographic variables, self- and informant-rated quality of life, dementia stage, neuropsychiatric symptoms, functional status and antidepressant medication were analysed with multivariate linear mixed models.Results: Concordance between self- and informant-rated depressive symptoms was minimal (Cohen’s Kappa=.22, p=.02). Self-reported depression was negatively associated with self-rated quality of life (β=-.37; 95%CI: -.48 to .26, p<.001), informant-rated quality of life (β=-.31; 95%CI: -51 to .10, p=.003) and functional status (β=-.15; 95%CI: -.27 to .03, p=.02), whilst informant-rated depression revealed negative associations with informant-rated quality of life (β=-.32; 95%CI: -.54 to .11, p=.003) and dementia stage (β=-.27; 95%CI: -.50 to .03, p=.028). No concordance was found with antidepressant medication.Conclusions: In line with our expectations, low agreement and unique association patterns were found for both measures. These findings indicate that both instruments address different aspects of depression und underline the need for comprehensive approaches when it comes to detecting signs of clinically relevant depressive symptoms in dementia. Trial registration: The trial was registered with the ISRCTN registry (Trial registration number: ISRCTN98947160)

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Change in Purpose in Life Before and After Onset of Cognitive Impairment

Sutin,

Luchetti,

Stephan

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportancePurpose in life is a critical aspect of psychological well-being that is associated with better cognitive outcomes across the continuum of dementia. To our knowledge, the natural history of purpose with onset of cognitive impairment has yet to be evaluated.ObjectiveTo evaluate changes in purpose in life prior to and after onset of cognitive impairment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used assessments of purpose in life and cognitive status from March 2006 to May 2021 in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and from May 2011 to November 2021 in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS).ExposureCognitive impairment at each wave based on established thresholds in HRS and NHATS.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was purpose in life, measured with the Ryff Measures of Psychological Well-Being in HRS and a validated item in NHATS.ResultsIn HRS, 22 668 participants provided 50 985 assessments of purpose across all waves. In NHATS, 10 786 participants provided 53 880 assessments of purpose across all waves. In HRS, 58.3% of participants were female, with mean (SD) age of 64.76 (10.41) years at baseline; in NHATS, 57.4% were female, with mean (SD) age of 76.82 (7.71) years at baseline. Across waves, 6794 HRS participants (30%) and 4446 NHATS participants (41.2%) were in the cognitive impairment range. Accounting for demographic covariates and normative change in purpose, multilevel modeling indicated that standardized purpose in life declined significantly prior to onset of cognitive impairment (estimate for 10 years) in both HRS (b = −0.12; 95% CI, −0.17 to −0.07; P &lt; .001) and NHATS (b = −0.10; 95% CI, −0.20 to −0.01; P = .03). Purpose declined significantly more rapidly following onset of cognitive impairment, with a standardized decline nearly 3 times larger compared with prior to impairment in HRS (b = −0.35; 95% CI, −0.41 to −0.29; P &lt; .001) and 4 times larger in NHATS (b = −0.44; 95% CI, −0.53 to −0.34; P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, purpose in life declined with emergence of cognitive impairment. The decline before onset was too small to be useful to detect impending impairment in clinical settings. The steeper decline following impairment suggests that individuals are aware that their purpose is declining. Purpose may be an intervention target following cognitive impairment to maintain well-being and to reduce or slow emergence of behavioral symptoms associated with low purpose.

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Self-Reported Personality Traits and Informant-Rated Cognition: A 10-Year Prospective Study

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between personality and cognitive failures/complaints

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the association between personality and cognitive failures/complaints

Concordance of Self- and Informant-Rated Depressive Symptoms in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia: Cross-Sectional Findings

Change in Purpose in Life Before and After Onset of Cognitive Impairment

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