Self-reported sleep disturbances associated with procedural learning impairment in adolescents at ultra-high risk for psychosis

Lunsford‐Avery, Jessica R.; Dean, Derek J.; Mittal, Vijay A.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.025

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…First, these results continue to support that the clinical staging model and in particular our allocation of participants to different stages is a good fit in that the more symptomatic individuals are, the more they may have sleep issues. Secondly, they support earlier evidence that sleep disruption is present in the early stages of illness when symptoms are sub-threshold (Castro et al, 2015;Grierson et al, 2018;Lunsford-Avery et al, 2017;Poe et al, 2017;Ruhrmann et al, 2010;Zanini et al, 2013). Thirdly, the clinical implications of these results are that for youth who may be at risk sleep is an important factor that may need to be assessed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Sleep disturbances in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness

Stowkowy

Brummitt

Bonneville

et al. 2019

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: To investigate sleep behaviours of youth at-risk for serious mental illness (SMI).Methods: This study included 243 youth, ages 12 to 25:42 healthy controls, 41 asymptomatic youth at-risk for mental illness (stage 0); 53 help-seeking youth experiencing distress (stage 1a) and 107 youth with attenuated syndromes (stage 1b). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep dysfunction. Results: Stage 1b individuals indicated the greatest deficit in global sleep dysfunction (F = 26.18, P < .0001). Stages 1a and 1b reported significantly worse subjective sleep quality, a longer sleep latency, increased use of sleep medications as well as greater daytime dysfunction compared to the asymptomatic groups.Conclusion: Research investigating sleep behaviours of youth considered to be atrisk for SMI is limited. This study provides early evidence that sleep disturbances are worse for individuals considered to be at higher risk of illness development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Sleep disturbances in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness

Stowkowy

Brummitt

Bonneville

et al. 2019

Early Intervention Psych

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“…evidence has also shown that circadian disturbances are predictive of future psychosis symptom severity in groups at risk for bipolar disorder and psychosis (Castro et al, 2015;Lunsford-Avery et al, 2017). More specifically, a recent study with ultra-high risk participants found that increased fragmentation of circadian rest-activity rhythms, reduced daytime activity, increased daytime activity variability, and later nocturnal rest time at baseline were associated with the severity of psychosis symptoms and functioning at a one year follow-up (Lunsford-Avery et al, 2017).…”

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sleep disturbances causally linked to the presence and severity of psychotic-like, dissociative and hypomanic experiences in non-clinical populations? A systematic review

Barton¹,

Kyle

Varese³

et al. 2018

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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The present review aimed to 1) identify what sleep disturbances co-occur alongside psychotic-like, dissociative and hypomanic experiences; 2) assess the strength of potential associations between the severity of sleep disturbances and of the experiences studied; and 3) appraise evidence for a causal link. MedLine and PsycInfo were searched and 44 studies were deemed eligible. Results showed that insomnia was associated with all individual psychotic-like, dissociative and hypomanic experiences reviewed (effect size range: small-to-large). Parasomnias were associated with all psychotic-like experiences; however, there was evidence of variation in magnitude between individual experiences. An eveningness chronotype was associated with dissociative and hypomanic experiences, and circadian dysrhythmia was found alongside hypomania but not the other experiences reviewed. Finally, experimental sleep manipulation studies revealed a potential causal link between sleep loss and psychotic-like and dissociative experiences, although size and consistency of effects varied by specific experience. Future research, using experimental manipulations of sleep to address putative mechanisms, will enable questions of causality to be answered with more confidence.

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“…These disturbances in sleep are related to increased concurrent psychosis symptoms, poorer psychosocial functioning, cognitive deficits (i.e., impaired procedural learning), and sleep-related neural abnormalities (i.e., thalamus reductions) (Lunsford-Avery et al, Under Review; Lunsford-Avery et al, 2015; Lunsford-Avery et al, 2013; Poe et al, In Press). Perhaps most importantly, self-reported and actigraphic-measured sleep disturbances at clinical intake predict increased positive symptom severity over a 1-year period among CHR adolescents (Lunsford-Avery et al, 2015), suggesting potential risk markers for psychosis onset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents at clinical-high risk for psychosis: Circadian rhythm disturbances predict worsened prognosis at 1-year follow-up

Lunsford‐Avery

Gonçalves

Brietzke

et al. 2017

Schizophrenia Research

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Background Individuals with psychotic disorders experience disruptions to both the sleep and circadian components of the sleep/wake cycle. Recent evidence has supported a role of sleep disturbances in emerging psychosis. However, less is known about how circadian rhythm disruptions may relate to psychosis symptoms and prognosis for adolescents with clinical high-risk (CHR) syndromes. The present study examines circadian rest/activity rhythms in CHR and healthy control (HC) youth to clarify the relationships among circadian rhythm disturbance, psychosis symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and the longitudinal course of illness. Methods Thirty-four CHR and 32 HC participants were administered a baseline evaluation, which included clinical interviews, 5 days of actigraphy, and a sleep/activity diary. CHR (n = 29) participants were re-administered clinical interviews at a 1-year follow-up assessment. Results Relative to HC, CHR youth exhibited more fragmented circadian rhythms and later onset of nocturnal rest. Circadian disturbances (fragmented rhythms, low daily activity) were associated with increased psychotic symptom severity among CHR participants at baseline. Circadian disruptions (lower daily activity, rhythms that were more fragmented and/or desynchronized with the light/dark cycle) also predicted severity of psychosis symptoms and psychosocial impairment at 1-year follow-up among CHR youth. Conclusions Circadian rhythm disturbances may represent a potential vulnerability marker for emergence of psychosis, and thus, rest/activity rhythm stabilization has promise to inform early-identification and prevention/intervention strategies for CHR youth. Future studies with longer study designs are necessary to further examine circadian rhythms in the prodromal period and rates of conversion to psychosis among CHR teens.

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Self-reported sleep disturbances associated with procedural learning impairment in adolescents at ultra-high risk for psychosis

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Sleep disturbances in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness

Sleep disturbances in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness

Are sleep disturbances causally linked to the presence and severity of psychotic-like, dissociative and hypomanic experiences in non-clinical populations? A systematic review

Adolescents at clinical-high risk for psychosis: Circadian rhythm disturbances predict worsened prognosis at 1-year follow-up

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