Self-reported stressors among patients with Exhaustion Disorder: an exploratory study of patient records

Abstract

BackgroundSeveral researchers imply that both work-related and non-work-related stress exposure are likely to contribute to stress-related mental illness. Yet empirical studies investigating both domains seem to be limited, particularly in a clinical population. The purpose of this study was to a) explore which stressors (non-work and work-related) are reported as important for the onset of illness by patients seeking medical care for stress-related exhaustion and b) explore the prevalence of each stressor and examine whether the pattern differs between men and women.MethodsThis is an exploratory mixed method study, comprising patients at a specialist outpatient stress clinic. Information from medical records of 20 patients was initially used in a first qualitative step to construct the instrument, using a combination of a conventional content analysis and a directed content analysis. In the second phase patient records from 50 men and 50 women were selected and coded in accordance with the coding instrument. Frequency statistics were calculated for all stressors.ResultsA total of 24 categories of stressors (11 related to work and 13 related to private life) were identified in the first qualitative step. A median of four stressors, usually both work and non-work-related was reported by the patients. The most common stressors were 1) quantitative demands at work, 2) private relational conflicts and 3) emotional demands at work.ConclusionsWork demands are, by far, the most prevalent stressor, followed by relational problems in private life. The pattern was similar for women and men, with a slight difference in the distribution between work and non-work stressors. Men and women also show similar patterns when comparing the occurrence of each stressor. Slight differences were seen, in particular with regard to managerial responsibility that was reported by 6% of the women compared to 36% of the men. One important practical implication of this study is that patients with stress-related exhaustion often have a long period of impaired ability at work. Successful prevention at the workplace is thus of great importance. However, it is equally important to discuss how society can support individuals such as single parents or couples with relational conflicts.

Work-related stress is associated with impaired neuropsychological test performance: a clinical cross-sectional study

“…The symptoms of work-related stress can include sleep difficulties, fatigue, tension, complaints of physical pain, anxiety and feelings of sadness. Chronic work-related stress can lead to conditions like depression, exhaustion disorder or burnout (Bonde, 2008;Grynderup et al, 2013;Hasselberg et al, 2014;Maslach et al, 2001;Yu et al, 2014). Often, individuals suffering from work-related stress also complain about cognitive impairments, including impaired concentration and memory skills.…”

Cognitive–behavioural therapy and return-to-work intervention for patients on sick leave due to common mental disorders: a randomised controlled trial

“…In the Netherlands, among CMDs, adjustment disorder is the main cause of sick leave,7 and in Sweden, exhaustion disorder leads to most long-term sick leave among CMDs 8. Adjustment and exhaustion disorder are both reactions to persistent non-life-threatening stressors, often caused by a combination of work and life stressors 9. Exhaustion disorder is listed in the Swedish version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, ICD-1010 as a reaction to severe stress, where the stressor has to be present for at least 6 months.…”

Kulnun kennara og starfsaðstæður: Þróun og samanburður við aðra opinbera sérfræðinga

“…Örmögnunarröskun lýsir sér í svipuðum einkennum og kulnun og er af leiðing langvarandi streitu sem tengist vinnu og/eða persónulegum aðstaeðum (Besér o.f l., 2014). Rannsóknir hafa sýnt fram á skyldleika kulnunar og örmögnunarröskunar þannig að 93% samsvörun virðist vera milli þeirra (Hasselberg, Jonsdottir, Ellbin og Skagert, 2014). Í nýlegri íslenskri rannsókn sem náði til allra félagsmanna BHM var örmögnunarröskun könnuð og tengsl hennar við starfsaðstaeður (Þórey Þormar, 2018).…”