Self-stratifying coatings for metallic substrates

Benjamin, Scott D; Carr, Christopher; Walbridge, D. J.

doi:10.1016/0300-9440(95)00596-x

Cited by 48 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[52][53][54][55] The mechanism of self-stratification for incompatible blends can be explained on the basis of the degree of incompatibility between the two phases and surface energy. [56][57][58] In principle, a similar mechanism of surface segregation is expected for the Oib-POSS/PP blend. POSS moieties preferentially segregate towards the filmair surface as a consequence of the strong thermodynamic driving force to minimize the surface energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface energetics, dispersion, and nanotribomechanical behavior of POSS/PP hybrid nanocomposites

Misra¹,

Fu²,

Morgan³

2007

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

108

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Hybrid organic-inorganic polymer nanocomposites incorporating polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles are of increasing interest for high performance materials applications. Octaisobutyl POSS/polypropylene nanocomposites were prepared at varying POSS concentrations via melt blending. The interplay of POSS molecular geometry, composition, and concentration in relation to the tribological, nanomechanical, surface energy, and bulk properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. Ultra-low friction and enhanced hardness, modulus, and hydrophobicity were observed for the nanocomposite surfaces, with minimal changes in the bulk thermomechanical properties. Parallel AFM, SEM, TEM, and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated significant differences in POSS distribution and aggregation in the surface and the bulk, with preferential segregation of POSS to the surface. Additionally, contact angle studies reveal significant reduction in surface energy and increase in hysteresis with incorporation of POSS nanoparticles. The differences in bulk and surface properties are largely explained by the gradient concentration of POSS in the polymer matrix, driven by POSS/POSS and POSS/polymer interactions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface energetics, dispersion, and nanotribomechanical behavior of POSS/PP hybrid nanocomposites

Misra¹,

Fu²,

Morgan³

2007

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

108

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“…So, the selfstratifying coating mechanisms may be described in terms of solubility of blends, degree of incompatibility between the two phases, surface tension, and kinetics of evaporation of the solvents. [6][7][8] Furthermore, this concept of selfstratification has been investigated extensively for the preparation of low-surface-tension films. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Fluorinated oligomers of very low surface energy and phosphonated oligomers of very high surface energy are studied in our laboratory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of Additives in Polymer Coatings: Phosphonated Additives and Poly(vinylidene chloride)‐Based Matrix

Rixens

Severac²,

Boutevin

et al. 2005

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Summary: The living radical terpolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VC2), methyl acrylate (MA), and dimethyl‐2‐methacryloxyethylphosphonate (MAPHOS) was performed at 70 °C in benzene by a reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process to yield a gradient terpolymer of controlled molecular weight ($\overline M _{\rm n}$ = 5 800 g · mol−1, Ip = 1.53) with a molar composition of 75:14:11 (VC2/MA/MAPHOS). Such terpolymers, hydrolyzed (phosphonic acid groups) or not, were used as polymeric additives in coating formulations based on a poly(VC2‐co‐MA) copolymer matrix ($\overline M _{\rm n}$ = 63 300 g · mol−1, Ip = 1.99, VC2/MA = 80:20 molar ratio). The formulations were spun cast on stainless steel surfaces and the coatings were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X‐ray analyses (EDX). The hydrolyzed additive was shown to both segregate and migrate towards the metal interface, leading to a preferential organization of the coating. Hence, the matrix at the air surface acts as a barrier to gas while the additive ensures adhesion at the polymer/metal interface.SEM photograph of a section of the coating with formulation 4 [poly(VC2‐co‐MA‐co‐MAPHOS(OH)2) (75:14:11)].magnified imageSEM photograph of a section of the coating with formulation 4 [poly(VC2‐co‐MA‐co‐MAPHOS(OH)2) (75:14:11)].

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“…11 Self-stratifying coatings have been studied very thoroughly in the framework of the EU scientific project. 12 Rules on how to formulate self-stratifying coatings were studied and recipes of paints for wood substrates, 13 steel, 9 and plastics 14 were prepared. A theory of stratification for coatings that contain solutions of binary mixtures of polymers was elaborated on for a wide range of binders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Scientists are unanimous that a homogenous mixture of incompatible polymers that form coatings of a polymer/polymer composite structure is necessary for self-stratifying phenomenon to occur, and that the resulting coating possesses unique properties in a wide range of uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] To formulate the latter products, paint chemists used the Hansens Solubility Parameters concept and different surface energies of phases equilibrium. Regardless of the method used to address the problem, separation of a binder from a primer and top layer is possible only in sufficiently liquid products of proper viscosity that enables phase separation and indispensable capillary transport; thus solvents must be chosen very carefully.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of self-stratifying compositions

et al. 2008

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Paint applied as a single layer, and its spontaneous separation to form a primer and a top coat, is one of the newest concepts of the effective and economical application of two layers in one step. The influence of the molecular weight of epoxy oligomer and acrylic polymer and their ratio on self-stratification was investigated. The degree of stratification depending on molecular weight and their mutual ratio was determined using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, microscopy techniques, adhesion tests, and surface tension measurements. Phase separation and self-stratification of two-component homogenous mixtures were followed using FTIR technique and surface tension measurements. As a result of these investigations, optimal oligomeric/polymeric composition was selected. The obtained coating system showed good mechanical properties, gloss, and interlayer adhesion.

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Self-stratifying coatings for metallic substrates

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Surface energetics, dispersion, and nanotribomechanical behavior of POSS/PP hybrid nanocomposites

Surface energetics, dispersion, and nanotribomechanical behavior of POSS/PP hybrid nanocomposites

Migration of Additives in Polymer Coatings: Phosphonated Additives and Poly(vinylidene chloride)‐Based Matrix

Study of self-stratifying compositions

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