Self‐Supported CoP Nanorod Arrays Grafted on Stainless Steel as an Advanced Integrated Anode for Stable and Long‐Life Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

To alleviate the capacity degradation of anode materials for Li-ion batteries, caused by serious volume expansion and particle aggregation, intensive attention has been devoted to the rational design and fabrication of novel anode architectures. Herein, self-supported CoP nanorod arrays have been facilely synthesized using hydrothemally deposited Co(CO ) (OH)⋅0.11 H O nanorod arrays as the precursor, through a gas-phase phosphidation method. As the anode for Li-ion batteries, such 3D interconnected CoP nanorod arrays show an initial discharge capacity of 1067 mAh g and a high reversible charge capacity of 737 mAh g at 0.4 Ag . After 400 cycles, their specific capacity can reach 510 mAh g ; even after 900 cycles, they can still deliver a specific capacity of 390 mAh g . CoP//LiCoO full-cells also exhibit a high reversible capacity of 400 mAh g after 50 cycles. These unique 3D interconnected CoP nanorod arrays also show ultrastable cycling performance over 500 cycles when used as the anode in a Na-ion battery.

A Peapod‐like CoP@C Nanostructure from Phosphorization in a Low‐Temperature Molten Salt for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The plateau at 0.5 Vi sr elated to Li-ion insertion into the CoP forming at ransition phase Li x CoP.T he third plateau around 0.01 Visattributed to the Li x CoP being further reduced to Co and Li 3 P. [2,14] Thepotential profiles is in good agreement with the cyclic voltammetry curve (Supporting Information,Figure S7). The plateau at 0.5 Vi sr elated to Li-ion insertion into the CoP forming at ransition phase Li x CoP.T he third plateau around 0.01 Visattributed to the Li x CoP being further reduced to Co and Li 3 P. [2,14] Thepotential profiles is in good agreement with the cyclic voltammetry curve (Supporting Information,Figure S7).…”

“…The plateau at 0.5 Vi sr elated to Li-ion insertion into the CoP forming at ransition phase Li x CoP.T he third plateau around 0.01 Visattributed to the Li x CoP being further reduced to Co and Li 3 P. [2,14] Thepotential profiles is in good agreement with the cyclic voltammetry curve (Supporting Information,Figure S7). [2,16] and has been found during the lithiation of several transition metal phosphides (Li x CuP, Li x FeP). [15] To further clarify the structural changes upon lithiation/ delithiation, the CoP@C electrode at different lithiation stages (as indicated by the numbers in the potential profiles in Figure 3a)a re analyzed by SEM and ex situ XRD.A s shown in Figure 3b,u pon lithiation to 0.2 V, the CoP phase remains visible.A na dditional peak at 238 8 emerges,w hich is attributed to the transition phase Li x CoP.The transition phase was proposed for CoP.…”

Bifunctional Conducting Polymer Coated CoP Core–Shell Nanowires on Carbon Paper as a Free‐Standing Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries

“…Figure 4e shows the cycling stability of the three electrodes at a current density of 0.15 mA cm −2 over 100 cycles. [19] The areal capacities of CoP NWs/CP from 0.15 to 3 mA cm −2 were 0.573, 0.476, 0.385, 0.261, 0.128 mA h cm −2 , respectively. We have attempted to enhance the stability of CoP@PPy electrode by using NaClO 4 -EC/DEC (ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate) electrolyte with 5 wt% FEC additive.…”

“…[15][16][17] The metal phosphide arrays www.advenergymat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com (e.g., Cu 3 P nanowires, [18] CoP nanorods, [19] Zn 3 P 2 nanowires, [20] Ni 2 P nanorods [21] ) were directly grown on different conductive substrates such as Cu foil, carbon cloth, nickel foam, and stainless steel. [15][16][17] The metal phosphide arrays www.advenergymat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com (e.g., Cu 3 P nanowires, [18] CoP nanorods, [19] Zn 3 P 2 nanowires, [20] Ni 2 P nanorods [21] ) were directly grown on different conductive substrates such as Cu foil, carbon cloth, nickel foam, and stainless steel.…”

Carbon encapsulated Fe3O4 nanospheres with high electrochemical performance as anode materials for Li‐ion battery

“…The sample shows a very high first‐cycle discharge capacity of 1183 mAh g −1 and delivers a corresponding charge capacity of 866 mAh g −1 . The irreversible capacity loss of ~26.8% mainly attributed to irreversible processes such as inevitable formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI layer) and electrolyte decomposition, which are common to most anode materials …”