Self-Tuning Virtual Synchronous Machine: A Control Strategy for Energy Storage Systems to Support Dynamic Frequency Control

Torres, A L Miguel; Lopes, Luiz A. C.; Morán, L.; Espinoza, José

doi:10.1109/tec.2014.2362577

Cited by 358 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Unlike proposals that implement inertia through a phaselocked loop (PLL) [8], [9], the proposed control incorporates inertia in the power loop controller and makes the VSC synchronized to the grid through power angle synchronization instead of voltage phase synchronization. The control dynamics are not affected by the dynamics of the PLL.…”

Section: A Converter Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

Zhang

Rouzbehi

Candela

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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Abstract-High voltage dc (HVDC) systems act as the prevailed solution for transmitting offshore wind energy to onshore main grids. Control of the voltage source converters (VSC) in HVDC systems is decisive for the performance. This paper proposes the control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy, as a reaction to the updated requirements of the ac grid transmission system operators. As two important aspects of VSC-HVDC control, converter control and primary control are both designed in detail. Electromechanical characteristics make the VSC capable of providing inertia to the ac networks as well as simplicity in island operation. Besides, unified primary control is given as a universal primary strategy for VSC stations, and especially takes into account frequency support and control mode transition. The proposed converter control is validated in scaled-down 10 kW laboratory setups, while the proposed primary control is endorsed by the simulation tests on a CIGRE multi-terminal HVDC model.

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Section: A Converter Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

Zhang

Rouzbehi

Candela

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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“…Virtual synchronous control is developed to emulate SGs to embed inertial response in grid-connected voltage source converters (VSCs) [30]- [45] as virtual synchronous generators/machines recently, which has been discussed and studied in energy storage [31], Statcom [32], VSC-HVDC [33]- [36], distributed generation [37]- [39], micro grid [40] used to produce the required voltage, which can feature inertial response in VSCs [43]. In addition, a linear power-damping and synchronizing controller is used to emulate SG's dynamic performance in VSCs by Mohamed et al [44]- [45].…”

Section: Virtual Synchronous Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Inertial Response of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines: A Survey and New Perspectives

Shang

2016

Preprint

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Abstract:With the rapid development of wind power generations, the inertial response of wind turbines (WTs) are widely concerned recently, which is important for grid frequency dynamic and stability. This paper recognizes and understands the inertial response of type-3 and type-4 WTs from the view of equivalent internal voltage, in analogy with typical synchronous generators (SGs). Due to the dynamic of the equivalent inertial voltage different from SGs, the electromechanical inertia of WTs is completely hidden. The rapid power control loop and synchronization control loop is the main reasons that the WT's inertial response is disenabled. On the basis of the equivalent internal voltage's dynamic, the existing inertia control method for WTs are reviewed and summarized as three approaches from the view of WT's control, i.e. optimizing the power control or synchronization control or both. At last, the main challenges and issues of these inertia controls are attempted to explain and address.

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“…By controlling the switching pattern of an inverter, it can emulate the behavior of a real SG. To introduce the "sync" mechanism of SGs to inverters, some scholars have proposed the virtual synchronous generator (VSG), which enables inverters to mimic not only the steady-state characteristics of SGs, but also their transient characteristics by applying a swing equation to enhance the inertia [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. VSG has draws much attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Stability Analysis of Islanded AC Microgrids with a Significant Share of Virtual Synchronous Generators

et al. 2018

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Abstract:As an advanced control method that could bring extra inertia and damping characteristics to inverter-based distributed generators, the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has recently drawn considerable attention. VSGs are expected to enhance the frequency regulation capability of the local power grid, especially the AC microgrid in island mode. However, the cost of that performance promotion is potential instability. In this paper, the unstable phenomena of the islanded microgrid dominated by SGs and distributed generators (DSs) are addressed after mathematical modeling and detailed eigenvalue analyses respectively. The influence of VSG key parameters, e.g., virtual inertia, damping factor, and droop coefficient on system stability is investigated, and the corresponding mathematical calculation method of unstable region is obtained. The theoretical analysis is well supported by time domain simulation results. The predicted frequency oscillation suggests the consideration of stability constrain during the VSG parameters design procedure.

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Self-Tuning Virtual Synchronous Machine: A Control Strategy for Energy Storage Systems to Support Dynamic Frequency Control

Cited by 358 publications

References 17 publications

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

Enabling Inertial Response of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines: A Survey and New Perspectives

Transient Stability Analysis of Islanded AC Microgrids with a Significant Share of Virtual Synchronous Generators

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