This article examines how musicians in Recife, Brazil, are engaging with new federal and state-based opportunities to formalize and professionalize their informal labor. I compare how three musicians engage with these bureaucratic mechanisms: for example, by registering as an Individual MicroEntrepreneur, playing at state-sponsored events, and becoming designated as Living Patrimony. In the process, I show they are creating different versions of the 'entrepreneurial self', a form of neoliberal subjectivity that emphasizes autonomy. However, through comparing these musicians' practices and narratives, I argue the entrepreneurial selves which they construct depend on relationships to state institutions, peer networks, and other individuals. This suggests that although neoliberal policies and ideologies are associated with autonomy and a lack of regulation, they nonetheless involve new modes of interdependence and bureaucracy.I also demonstrate that the kinds of entrepreneurial selves these musicians construct are facilitated and constrained by discourses and policies which reinforce racial and class-based stratification. Finally, this article highlights what similar studies suggest, but often leave implicit: professionalism and entrepreneurialism are increasingly interdependent.