SELMA mission: How do airless bodies interact with space environment? The Moon as an accessible laboratory

Futaana, Yoshifumi; Barabash, S.; Wieser, Martin; Würz, Peter; Crider, D. H.; Horányi, M.; André, Nicolas; Ivchenko, Nickolay; Oberst, J.; Retherford, Kurt D.; Coates, A. J.; Masters, A.; Wahlund, Jan‐Erik; Kallio, Esa

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2017.11.002

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…This complex system occurs in all objects in the Solar System with no atmosphere. In particular, the Moon provides an appropriate environment for understanding this coupling (e.g., Futaana et al 2018). Although it does not have a global magnetic field, the Moon's lacks of atmosphere and strong ionosphere affects the plasma-surface interaction, exosphere formation, and interaction with the upstream plasma.…”

Section: Interaction Among Magnetosphere Exosphere Surface and Interior Of Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-flight Calibration and Near-Earth Commissioning Results of the Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) Onboard MMO (Mio)

Saito¹,

Delcourt²,

Hirahara³

et al. 2021

Space Sci Rev

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BepiColombo Mio (previously called MMO: Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter) was successfully launched by Ariane 5 from Kourou, French Guiana on October 20, 2018. The Mercury Plasma/Particle Experiment (MPPE) is a comprehensive instrument package onboard Mio spacecraft used for plasma, high-energy particle and energetic neutral atom measurements. It consists of seven sensors including two Mercury Electron Analyzers (MEA1 and MEA2), Mercury Ion Analyzer (MIA), Mass Spectrum Analyzer (MSA), High Energy Particle instrument for electron (HEP-ele), High Energy Particle instrument for ion (HEPion), and Energetic Neutrals Analyzer (ENA). Significant efforts were made pre-flight to calibrate all of the MPPE sensors at the appropriate facilities on the ground. High voltage commissioning of MPPE analyzers was successfully performed between June and August 2019 and in February 2020 following the completion of the low voltage commissioning in November 2018. Although all of the MPPE analyzers are now ready to begin observation, the full service performance has been delayed until Mio's arrival at Mercury. Most of the fields of view (FOVs) of the MPPE analyzers are blocked by the thermal shield surrounding the Mio spacecraft during the cruising phase. Together with other instruments on Mio including Magnetic Field Investigation (MGF) and Plasma Wave Investigation (PWI) that measure plasma field parameters, MPPE will contribute to the comprehensive understand-The BepiColombo mission to Mercury Edited by

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Section: Interaction Among Magnetosphere Exosphere Surface and Interior Of Mercurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-flight Calibration and Near-Earth Commissioning Results of the Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) Onboard MMO (Mio)

Saito¹,

Delcourt²,

Hirahara³

et al. 2021

Space Sci Rev

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“…Furthermore, the long‐term erosion of the surface materials to plasma influences the surface characteristics (weathering). These phenomena are parts of complex systems of celestial bodies' interactions with the space environment (Futaana et al., 2018). Measurements of the solar wind flux impinging on the surface provide critical information for understanding complex systems.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, measurements and theoretical assessments after 2000 changed the paradigm of Moon‐solar wind interactions. Instead of a simple interaction model with the solar wind, the actual interaction is highly complicated: namely, the plasma, solid surface, exosphere, and magnetic field actively exchange energy and materials in near‐Moon space (Futaana et al., 2018). For example, while the absorption at the lunar surface is thought to be perfect because of the high porosity of the regolith, a significant amount of reflection (backscattering) from its surface has been observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Phobos Reflect Solar Wind Protons? Mars Express Special Flyby Operations With and Without the Presence of Phobos

et al. 2021

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The behavior of Phobos under solar wind plasma has long been an enigma. The outgassing from its surface is expected to be weak, and thus, Phobos does not show "comet-like" interactions. Instead, without a strong magnetic field, Phobos is expected to show "Moon-like" interactions.Solar wind interaction with the Moon is characterized by direct solar wind plasma precipitation on the surface (Halekas et al., 2011;Holmström et al., 2012;Schubert & Lichtenstein, 1974). Since the Apollo missions, various measurements of the near-Moon environment by many spacecraft have revealed the fundamental physics of the interaction; the Moon absorbs solar wind ions, and a plasma void is formed behind the Moon (Ness et al., 1968). However, measurements and theoretical assessments after 2000 changed the paradigm of Moon-solar wind interactions. Instead of a simple interaction model with the solar wind, the

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“…Due to the absence of a substantial intrinsic magnetic field and of a collisional atmosphere, solar wind and solar energetic particles (SEPs) arrive almost without any deviation or absorption and impact directly on its surface, interacting with the lunar regolith and the tenuous lunar exosphere (e.g. Geiss et al 2004;Futaana et al 2018). The same phenomenon occurs also with the galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), which present fluxes and energy spectra typical of the interplanetary space (e.g.…”

Section: Moonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Missions Related to the Determination of the Elemental and Isotopic Composition of Earth, Moon and the Terrestrial Planets

et al. 2020

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In this chapter, we review the contribution of space missions to the determination of the elemental and isotopic composition of Earth, Moon and the terrestrial planets, with special emphasis on currently planned and future missions. We show how these missions are going to significantly contribute to, or sometimes revolutionise, our understanding of planetary evolution, from formation to the possible emergence of life. We start with the Earth, which is a unique habitable body with actual life, and that is strongly related to its atmosphere. The new wave of missions to the Moon is then reviewed, which are going to study its formation history, the structure and dynamics of its tenuous exosphere and the interaction of the Moon’s surface and exosphere with the different sources of plasma and radiation of its environment, including the solar wind and the escaping Earth’s upper atmosphere. Missions to study the noble gas atmospheres of the terrestrial planets, Venus and Mars, are then examined. These missions are expected to trace the evolutionary paths of these two noble gas atmospheres, with a special emphasis on understanding the effect of atmospheric escape on the fate of water. Future missions to these planets will be key to help us establishing a comparative view of the evolution of climates and habitability at Earth, Venus and Mars, one of the most important and challenging open questions of planetary science. Finally, as the detection and characterisation of exoplanets is currently revolutionising the scope of planetary science, we review the missions aiming to characterise the internal structure and the atmospheres of these exoplanets.

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SELMA mission: How do airless bodies interact with space environment? The Moon as an accessible laboratory

Cited by 8 publications

References 122 publications

Pre-flight Calibration and Near-Earth Commissioning Results of the Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) Onboard MMO (Mio)

Pre-flight Calibration and Near-Earth Commissioning Results of the Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment (MPPE) Onboard MMO (Mio)

Does Phobos Reflect Solar Wind Protons? Mars Express Special Flyby Operations With and Without the Presence of Phobos

Future Missions Related to the Determination of the Elemental and Isotopic Composition of Earth, Moon and the Terrestrial Planets

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