Semantic–episodic interactions in the neuropsychology of disbelief

Abstract

It is proposed that truth judgements are made through a combined weighting of the reliability of the information source and the compatibility of this information with already stored data. This requires interactions in memory. Failure to integrate different types of memories, such as semantic and episodic memories, can arise from mild hippocampal dysfunction and might result in delusions.

Gender and Social‐Cognitive Development

“…Research generally supports this supposition (see Blakemore et al, 2009;Halim & Ruble, 2010;Martin, 2000). Information is generally encoded as truthful or false based on judgments of its reliability as well as its compatibility with existing knowledge and values (Ladowsky-Brooks & Alcock, 2007). Accordingly, children are generally more likely to pay attention and to remember information that they perceive as relevant for their own gender and consistent with existing beliefs.…”

How people can become persuaded by weak messages presented by credible communicators: Not all sleeper effects are created equal

“…For instance, the arguments conveyed in a message may be represented in semantic memory, whereas information such as when, where, and how that message was received may be represented in episodic memory. As semantic recall is more resource depleting than episodic recall (Tulving, 2002), the arguments contained in a message may be more easily retrieved than the message's context, including its source (for recent relevant work, see Ladowsky-Brooks & Alcock, 2007). Moreover, conditions that lead to semantic/episodic dissociations should increase the likelihood of observing sleeper effects.…”