Semen Quality of Workers Occupationally Exposed to Hydrocarbons

Changes in Oxidative Stress Biomarker and Gene Expression Levels in Workers Exposed to Volatile Organic Compounds

“…The mean exposure to toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were 2.16 ppm, 6.05 ppm and 9.78 ppm, but benzene was not detected in the workplace. In general, the levels were lower than those of workplace exposure to VOCs in other studies 7,[18][19][20] .…”

“…Toluene and xylene was reported to increase cancer incidence in paint industry workers although they were not classified as carcinogens 5,6) . In addition, reproductive depressions by toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were reported in occupationally exposed workers 7) . However, the mechanisms by which these VOCs induce adverse health effects are not well understood despite considerable evidence of their impact on human health.…”

Occupational and Lifestyle Exposures on Male Infertility: A Mini Review

“…Semen quality in workers exposed occupationally to hydrocarbons like toluene, benzene and xylene (BTX) present anomalies, including alterations in viscosity, liquefaction capacity, sperm count, sperm motility, and the proportion of sperm with normal morphology compared with unexposed males [77][78][79]. Similarly, exposure to solvents may affect human seminal quality [22,57] proportionally with the range of exposure [61].…”

Effect of Occupational Exposures on Male Fertility: Literature Review

“…However, the authors concluded that it is unlikely that styrene exposure has a direct effect on male fertility 28) . De Celis et al 29) investigated whether occupational exposure to hydrocarbons has adverse effects on the semen quality. Damage to the spermatogenic process resulting from hydrocarbon exposure was demonstrated by an increased rate of abnormalities in the semen of exposed workers as compared with unexposed controls.…”