Semi-empirical Model for Estimating the Small-Strain Shear Modulus of Unsaturated Non-plastic Sandy Soils

Vanapalli, Sai K.

doi:10.1007/s10706-013-9708-5

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mancuso et al [47] and Ng and Yung [48] proposed two models which assumed that G 0 is a function of net stress, suction, and void ratio. Moreover, a number of studies incorporated the degree of saturation (S r ) in the model to account for the unsaturated conditions [49][50][51][52][53]. By using the suction stressbased effective stress principle, Dong et al [54] and Dong and Lu [55] developed a G 0 model with three model parameters.…”

Section: Model Study Of Mechanical and Thermalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Investigation and Modelling of the Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Soil in Shallow Mineralized Groundwater Area

Zhao

Liu

2019

Geofluids

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The capillary rise of shallow mineralized groundwater can contribute to the salinization of the soil layers. The excessive salt amounts adversely affect soil physical and mechanical properties, as well as the heat transfer performance, all of which are key factors with regard to the design of geothermal-related earth structures such as geothermal energy piles (GEP), ground source heat pumps (GSHP), and earth-air tunnel heat exchangers (EATHE). Therefore, in this study, the thermal-mechanical properties of saline soils are systematically investigated. A series of thermal and mechanical response tests were carried out under different salinity conditions, and the shear wave velocity-stress behavior of saline soil was measured using a modified oedometric cell coupled with an anchored bender element pair. Experimental results showed that saline soils generally have higher dry density and lower optimum moisture content at higher salt contents. The shear strength of saline soil increased about 5% while the salt concentrations of bulk solution increased from 0 mol/kg to 6 mol/kg, and the shear wave velocity increased by 50% to 83% when the normal load increased from 12.5 kPa to 250 kPa for sodium chloride- (NaCl-) treated soil and 39% to 52% for calcium chloride- (CaCl2-) treated soil. In addition, the thermal conductivity decreased by 0.121 W m-1 K-1 for NaCl-treated soil and 0.129 W m-1 K-1 for CaCl2-treated soil on average when the salt concentration increased from 0 mol/kg to 6 mol/kg. Finally, an elastic shear modulus (G0) model and a thermal conductivity (K) model were formulated for saline soil for the first time, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed models were validated by comparisons of the model predicted values and experimental data.

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Section: Model Study Of Mechanical and Thermalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Investigation and Modelling of the Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Soil in Shallow Mineralized Groundwater Area

Zhao

Liu

2019

Geofluids

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“…For the case of small-strain stiffness of soils in unsaturated state, a number of models have recently been proposed to quantify G0 over a wide range of degrees of saturation (Mancuso, et al, 2002;Mendoza, et al, 2005;Ng, et al, 2009;Sawangsuriya, et al, 2009; Khosravi & 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 AG Pagano, A Tarantino, V Magnanimo 'A microscale-based model for small-strain stiffness in unsaturated granular geomaterials' Submitted to Géotechnique 3 McCartney, 2012; Oh & Vanapalli, 2014;Wong, et al, 2014;Dong & Lu, 2016). G0 is recognised to be affected by both suction and degree of saturation, which may vary independently because of the hydraulic hysteresis and the dependency of the void-ratio on the water retention behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common approach adopted by several authors (Sawangsuriya, et al, 2009;Khosravi & McCartney, 2012;Oh & Vanapalli, 2014) is to derive empirical or semi-empirical relationships for G0 using the product between suction and degree of saturation as a stress variable (Jommi, 2000), often referred to as Bishop's effective stress for unsaturated soils:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microscale-based model for small-strain stiffness in unsaturated granular geomaterials

2019

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Stiffness at very small strains G0 is commonly assessed via laboratory and field methods and used to design a wide range of infrastructure. When stiffness is inferred from field measurements, its value depends on the soil suction and state of saturation at the time of the measurement, and models are needed to infer G0 at varying suction and degree of saturation. When stiffness is measured on saturated specimens in the laboratory, models are needed to extrapolate the laboratory 'saturated' stiffness to the field 'unsaturated' stiffness. This paper presents an experimental investigation of G0 of unsaturated sand using the hanging water column method and the bender element technique. Experimental results revealed that wave propagation velocity and, hence, stiffness is not controlled by the product 'suction times the degree of saturation'. A microscale-based model was formulated to interpret the experimental results, and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying different patterns of G0 in unsaturated materials observed in the literature. According to the proposed model, the evolution of G0 is controlled by the evolution of the suction/degree of saturation-induced intergranular stress during drying-wetting cycles. The breadth of the water retention curve and the magnitude of the intergranular stress due to the presence of the menisci were found to be responsible for the different patterns of G0.

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“…The influences of the wetting-drying history (hydraulic hysteresis) were not considered. To consider the influences of the hydraulic hysteresis, some recent studies incorporated the degree of saturation (S r ) in their semi-empirical models (Sawangsuriya et al, 2009;Biglari et al, 2011;Khosravi and McCartney, 2012;Oh and Vanapalli, 2014;Wong et al, 2014). Wong et al (2014) found that by incorporating S r , the models are able to simulate the variation of G 0 during compression, drying, and wetting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple model for the hysteretic elastic shear modulus of unsaturated soils

Zhou

2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A

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Abstract:Considering the great importance of the elastic shear modulus G 0 of unsaturated soils to the serviceability of many geo-structures in geo-energy and geo-environmental engineering, some semi-empirical models have been reported for the G 0 of unsaturated soils. Existing models require at least three parameters and the calibration of the model parameters requires extensive time-consuming unsaturated soil tests. In this study, a simple semi-empirical model is proposed for the hysteretic G 0 of unsaturated soils, requiring only two parameters. The constitutive variables of the mean Bishop's stress and a bonding variable are adopted for considering the average stress between soil particles and the additional normal forces between soil particles provided by water menisci. The derived equation is applied to simulate the G 0 of unsaturated silts and sands. Comparisons between the measured and calculated results demonstrate that the proposed equation is able to describe the influences of various factors on G 0 , including mean net stress, suction, wetting-drying, and void ratio.

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Semi-empirical Model for Estimating the Small-Strain Shear Modulus of Unsaturated Non-plastic Sandy Soils

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Laboratory Investigation and Modelling of the Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Soil in Shallow Mineralized Groundwater Area

Laboratory Investigation and Modelling of the Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Soil in Shallow Mineralized Groundwater Area

A microscale-based model for small-strain stiffness in unsaturated granular geomaterials

A simple model for the hysteretic elastic shear modulus of unsaturated soils

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