Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells: unveiling the trade-off between transparency and efficiency

Yuan, Ligang; Wang, Zhaowei; Duan, Ruomeng; Huang, Peng; Zhang, Kaicheng; Chen, Qiaoyun; Allam, Nageh K.; Zhou, Yi; Song, Bo; Li, Yongfang

doi:10.1039/c8ta07318j

Cited by 117 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Based on this approach, we demonstrate a semitransparent device with a PCE of 4.95% as well as an AVT of 53% over the visible spectrum. These values are among the best reported values in the literature for the semitransparent PSCs …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In order to make a semitransparent device, it is necessary to find an alternative top electrode with high transmittance. Since a monolayer of graphene has a good conductivity with a high transmittance of 98%, it is an excellent candidate for this purpose . However, an effective way to transfer the graphene on top of the perovskite film, without deterioration of the device performance, is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

et al. 2019

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Solution‐processed perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for fabrication of semitransparent and tandem solar cells due to the bandgap tunability. In this work, cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI3) QDs are synthesized with a stable cubic phase and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated using the ligand exchange technique. Monolayer graphene is grown by chemical vapor deposition technique and a dry process to transfer graphene on top of the device is developed. Based on this approach, an efficient inverted PSC is demonstrated with a high average visible transmittance (AVT). After optimization, PSCs based on silver and graphene electrodes with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 9.6% and 6.8% are achieved, respectively. Additionally, by tuning the thickness of the active layer, a PSC with PCE of 4.95% and AVT of 53% is demonstrated, indicating the potential of CsPbI3 QDs for the fabrication of semitransparent devices applicable in windows.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

et al. 2019

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“…The promising efficiency and affordable cost are the driving forces pushing the research on lead (Pb)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) over the past decade [1][2][3][4][5] . The latest power conversion efficiency (PCE) certified by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for PSCs is 24.2% as reported by KRICT/MIT 6 , competing that of Si-based photovoltaic and surpassing CdTe solar cells 7,8 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory plasmonics enabling 20% efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells

Mohsen

Zahran

Habib

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Core-shell refractory plasmonic nanoparticles are used as excellent nanoantennas to improve the efficiency of lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SiO 2 is used as the shell coating due to its high refractive index and low extinction coefficient, enabling the control over the sunlight directivity. An optoelectronic model is developed using 3D finite element method (FEM) as implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics to calculate the optical and electrical parameters of plain and ZrN/SiO 2 -modified PSCs. For a fair comparison, ZrN-decorated PSCs are also simulated. While the decoration with ZrN nanoparticles boosts the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSC from 12.9% to 17%, the use of ZrN/SiO 2 core/ shell nanoparticles shows an unprecedented enhancement in the PCE to reach 20%. The enhancement in the PCE is discussed in details.www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ model. First, the largest value allowed for mesh size must not exceed λ/10 of the smallest simulated wavelength. Therefore, a tetrahedron shape was selected for meshing the solar cell active layers, where the smaller the mesh size, the more accurate the computational data compared to the practical counterpart. However, this comes on the expense of the computational time. Second, in order to decrease the computational time, a mapped meshing with normal or coarse meshing was applied to the PMLs surrounding the solar cell in order to allow the use of smaller mesh size for the solar cell and the active material. Third, the G opt was integrated to the full simulated bandwidth and used as an input data profile to construct the electrical model. In the electrical model, any enhancements in light absorption was assumed to be directly proportional to the enhancements in the photocurrent as shown by Eq. 9. The electrical parameters of TiO 2 , MASnI 3 , and Spiro-OMeTAD were extracted from literature 49,50 . Scientific RepoRtS |(2020) 10:6732 | https://doi.

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“…While the use of ZnO (with a PCE of 19%) has severely restricted its development because of thermal instability [43], SnO 2 appears to be a promising choice [44].SnO 2 has high conductivity and electron mobility higher than that of TiO 2 by two orders of magnitude, appropriate energy levels (a wide bandgap ranging from 3.6 to 4.1eV, which reduces the parasitic absorption caused by the ETL), high chemical/photo-stability and UV resistance [41][42][43][44][45], leading to its use as a semiconductor in various applications [46][47][48].In this work, we present a hysteresis-free, high-efficiency planar PSC based on SnO 2 as the ETL and a P3HT/CuSCN bilayer as the HTL. CuSCN played a key role in improving the PCE of the perovskite solar cell due to its excellent transparency in the visible light spectrum range [49], high hole mobility [50], relatively good chemical stability [51] and a simple preparation process [52]. Triple-cation perovskite Energies 2020, 13, 2059 3 of 12…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we present a hysteresis-free, high-efficiency planar PSC based on SnO 2 as the ETL and a P3HT/CuSCN bilayer as the HTL. CuSCN played a key role in improving the PCE of the perovskite solar cell due to its excellent transparency in the visible light spectrum range [49], high hole mobility [50], relatively good chemical stability [51] and a simple preparation process [52]. Triple-cation perovskite Energies 2020, 13, 2059 3 of 12…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer/Inorganic Hole Transport Layer for Low-Temperature-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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In the search for improvements in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), several different aspects are currently being addressed, including an increase in the stability and a reduction in the hysteresis. Both are mainly achieved by improving the cell structure, employing new materials or novel cell arrangements. We introduce a hysteresis-free low-temperature planar PSC, composed of a poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/CuSCN bilayer as a hole transport layer (HTL) and a mixed cation perovskite absorber. Proper adjustment of the precursor concentration and thickness of the HTL led to a homogeneous and dense HTL on the perovskite layer. This strategy not only eliminated the hysteresis of the photocurrent, but also permitted power conversion efficiencies exceeding 15.3%. The P3HT/CuSCN bilayer strategy markedly improved the life span and stability of the non-encapsulated PSCs under atmospheric conditions and accelerated thermal stress. The device retained more than 80% of its initial efficiency after 100 h (60% after 500 h) of continuous thermal stress under ambient conditions. The performance and durability of the PSCs employing a polymer/inorganic bilayer as the HTL are improved mainly due to restraining perovskite ions, metals, and halides migration, emphasizing the pivotal role that can be played by the interface in the perovskite-additive hole transport materials (HTM) stack.Energies 2020, 13, 2059 2 of 12 transport materials (HTMs) have been considered so far, providing different final efficiencies, such as: (i) 2,2,7,7-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) with a PCE of 22% [6]; (ii), poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) with a PCE of 20% [7]; (iii) poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) with a PCE of 15% [8]; and iv) P3HT with PCE reaching 19.25% [9].There are, however, several limitations in using these kinds of materials, such as excessive price, inefficient electron-blocking capability, and low chemical stability [10]. In this respect, inorganic HTLs seem to be a convincing alternative, with materials such as NiO [11], CuI [12,13] or CuSCN [14] being potential candidates.CuSCN is a p-type inorganic semiconductor with a wide bandgap (3.4-3.9eV) [15], high hole mobility, well-aligned work function [16], good thermal stability, high optical transparency and attractive mechanical properties [17,18]. The collection of the impressive physical and chemical properties, together with its low cost and commercial availability, has made CuSCN a very suitable material to be employed as an HTL. A PCE of more than 20% has been reported for PSCs with a conventional mesostructure TiO 2 ETL and CuSCN-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) HTL [19]. However, for planar n-i-p structures, using the atomic layer deposited TiO 2 ETL and CuSCN HTL, a maximum PCE of 12.7% has been achieved so far [20]. In order to improve the open-circuit voltage in CuSCN-based PSCs, various functional molecules have been introduced between the perovskite layer and copper on the surface of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 layers to pass...

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Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells: unveiling the trade-off between transparency and efficiency

Abstract: Thick, wide-bandgap materials as photoactive layers in semi-transparent Pero-SCs realized >20% AVT and ∼10% PCE.

Cited by 117 publications

References 54 publications

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

Refractory plasmonics enabling 20% efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells

Polymer/Inorganic Hole Transport Layer for Low-Temperature-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells

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Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells: unveiling the trade-off between transparency and efficiency

Abstract: Thick, wide-bandgap materials as photoactive layers in semi-transparent Pero-SCs realized >20% AVT and ∼10% PCE.

Cited by 117 publications

References 54 publications

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI3 Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI3 Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

Refractory plasmonics enabling 20% efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells

Polymer/Inorganic Hole Transport Layer for Low-Temperature-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells

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Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode

Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI₃ Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode