Semiconductor Fe-doped SrTiO3-δ perovskite electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) operating below 520 °C

Shah, M.A.K. Yousaf; Rauf, Sajid; Mushtaq, Naveed; Tayyab, Zuhra; Ali, Nasir; Yousaf, Muhammad; Xing, Yueming; Akbar, Muhammad; Lund, Peter; Yang, Chuang; Zhu, Bin; Asghar, Muhammad Imran

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.147

Cited by 66 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…So, the ionic conductivity involved in fuel cell performance can be extracted based on the I−V characteristic curve of the polarization region using the reported relation elsewhere. 15,39 Instead of this, due to the polaron hopping movements, ionic conduction has been created, which is mainly due to thermally activation behavior. Thus, the temperature-dependent conduction process can be illustrated as…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Shah

Rauf

Mushtaq

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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A semiconductor-based electrolyte in a ceramic fuel cell (SCFC) has the potential to improve the device performance even at lower temperatures (≤520 °C) mainly due to its high ionic conductivity. Here, we present a chemically stable perovskite semiconductor Nb-doped SrTiO 3−δ (STN) electrolyte for the SCFC, which reached a high power density of 678 mW/ cm 2 and a high open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.03 V at 520 °C. The STN showed a high ionic conductivity of 0.22 S/cm. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and band structure analysis revealed that the high ionic conductivity is due to an increase in oxygen vacancies and band gap modulation. It was also found that the bending of the energy band at the electrode/electrolyte interface helps to block the electrons and thus avoids the problem of short circuit. These results indicate that doping and energy band gap modulation can be effective approaches to develop advanced semiconductor electrolytes for SCFCs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Shah

Rauf

Mushtaq

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…However, high working temperature is advantageous in terms of catalyst cost as it ruled out the utility of expensive metal like platinum in MCFC. Mechanism of electro‐catalysis takes place according to the following steps 254,255,256 …”

Section: High‐temperature Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanism of electro-catalysis takes place according to the following steps. 254,255,256 At anode: Hydrogen reacts with carbonate ions to generate steam and carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perspective on development of fuel cell materials: Electrodes and electrolyte

Sajid

Pervaiz

Ali³

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The declining reserves and environmental concerns related to the use of fossil fuels have made the global think tanks to pursue for the technologies considered to be renewable as well as sustainable. Fuel cell technology is emerging and a green way to produce electricity, provided sufficient amount of hydrogen (fuel) is available that directly convert chemical energy to electrical energy. Despite of being an efficient and eco‐friendly source of energy, commercialization of fuel cells is still difficult to attain. Techno‐economic challenges like high manufacturing and assembly costs, water management, system size, nondurability, and instability of the system need to be addressed. In order to resolve these issues, considerable research has been carried out for the development of novel and inexpensive materials for the fuel cells. In this article, we have reviewed the development of electrodes and electrolyte materials for different types of fuel cells. A detailed description of applications, challenges, and improvement of electrodes/electrolytes materials of different types of fuel cells (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cells) have been reported in this review article. A brief review of the development of materials for electrode of molten carbonate fuel cells has also been presented in the review.

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“…In this regard, Shah et al have reported Fe-doped SrTiO 3−δ electrolyte layer, which exhibited a power density of 540 mW cm −2 at 520 °C. 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, semiconducting materials can be divided into three main categories: (i) single-phase mixed ion-electron semiconductors, i.e., hematite (a-Fe 2 O 3 ), which is considered as a typical electronic conductor and concurrently having good ionic conductivity due to the existence of long-range ordered oxygen vacancies in specific planes. In this regard, Shah et al have reported Fe-doped SrTiO 3−δ electrolyte layer, which exhibited a power density of 540 mW cm –2 at 520 °C . (ii) The second category includes semiconductors that attained high ionic conductivity induced by hydrogen ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Properties of a Dual-Ion Semiconductor-Ionic Co_0.2Zn_0.8O-Sm_0.20Ce_0.80O_2−δ Composite for a High-Performance Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Rauf

Shah

Tayyab

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Semiconductor heterostructures offer a high ionic conduction path enhanced by built-in electric field at the interface, which helps to avoid electronic conduction in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). In this study, we synthesized a semiconductor heterostructure based on Co-doped ZnO and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 2−δ (SDC) for LT-SOFC application. First, we optimized the composition of the Co-doped ZnO by varying the doping concentration. The cell with Co 0.2 Zn 0.8 O composition (σ i = 0.158 S cm −1 ) yielded the best performance of 664 mW cm −2 at 550 °C. This optimized composition of Co-doped ZnO was mixed with a well-known ionic conductor Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 2−δ (SDC) to further improve the ionic conductivity and performance of the cell. The heterostructure formed between these two semiconductor materials improved the ionic conductivity of this composite material to 0.24 S cm −1 at 550 °C, which is 2 orders higher in magnitude than that of bulk SDC. The fuel cells fabricated with this promising semiconductor-ionic heterostructure material produced an outstanding power density of 928 mW cm −2 at 550 °C. Our further investigation shows protonic conduction (H + ) in the Co 0.2 Zn 0.8 O-SDC composite, which exhibited protonic conduction 0.088 S cm −1 with a power density of 388 mW cm −2 at 550 °C. A detailed characterization of the material and the fuel cells is performed with the help of different electrochemical (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)), spectroscopic (X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV−vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)), and microscopic techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX)). The stability of the cell was tested for 35 h to ensure stable operation of these devices. This semiconductor-ionic heterostructure composite provides insight into the development of electrolyte membranes for advanced SOFCs.

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Semiconductor Fe-doped SrTiO3-δ perovskite electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) operating below 520 °C

Cited by 66 publications

References 53 publications

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

A perspective on development of fuel cell materials: Electrodes and electrolyte

Electrochemical Properties of a Dual-Ion Semiconductor-Ionic Co_0.2Zn_0.8O-Sm_0.20Ce_0.80O_2−δ Composite for a High-Performance Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

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Semiconductor Fe-doped SrTiO3-δ perovskite electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) operating below 520 °C

Cited by 66 publications

References 53 publications

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

A perspective on development of fuel cell materials: Electrodes and electrolyte

Electrochemical Properties of a Dual-Ion Semiconductor-Ionic Co0.2Zn0.8O-Sm0.20Ce0.80O2−δ Composite for a High-Performance Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

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Product

Resources

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Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Semiconductor Nb-Doped SrTiO_3−δ Perovskite Electrolyte for a Ceramic Fuel Cell

Electrochemical Properties of a Dual-Ion Semiconductor-Ionic Co_0.2Zn_0.8O-Sm_0.20Ce_0.80O_2−δ Composite for a High-Performance Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell