Semiconductors-based Z-scheme materials for photoelectrochemical water splitting: A review

Modification of graphite anode for lithium ion battery

“…When the sintering temperature was 850 °C, the gravimetric specific capacity was 437.6 mAh/g at 0.1 C discharge condition, and 269.7 mAh/g at 1 C discharge condition, which improved the capacity and rate performance of graphite. Chenguang Bao et al obtained graphite material doped with boron with accelerated dynamics of Li diffusion, produced by using boron carbide powder as a graphitization catalyst at a lower graphitization temperature of 2500 ℃ [12]. Their findings revealed a significant boost in the lithium diffusion coefficient by approximately two orders of magnitude, attributed to the rapid formation of lithium carbonate and lithium fluoride-rich SEI layer at around 1.1 V, thanks to the boron doping process.…”

Surface sensitization of g-C3N4/TiO2via Pd/Rb2O co-catalysts: accelerating water splitting reaction for green fuel production in the absence of organic sacrificial agents

“…The band structure of the photocatalysts determines the progression of the water-splitting reaction (reaction coordinate) and the required ΔG°= 237 kJ mol −1 . 63,64 Photocatalytic water splitting is a redox reaction consisting of reduction and oxidation. The conduction band must be more negative than the reduction potential of H + /H 2 (at pH = 0).…”

Morphology-oriented urchin-like TiO2 nanostructures for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

“…Several strategies have been developed to address these limitations including sensitization with visible active semiconductors such as CdS via Z-scheme heterojunction [15][16][17], elemental doping [18][19][20], and morphology control [19][20][21]. The photoactivity of the semiconductor materials is greatly in uenced by the morphology [22,23].…”