“…These results suggest a possible aggregative function of the cuticular hydrocarbons. Typically, males produce aggregation pheromones, but there are several exceptions (Jiang et al ., ; Judd & Borden, ; Wertheim et al ., ). Insect response to an aggregation pheromone is known to be largely affected by physiological state (e.g., hunger, mating condition, age, and molting cycle) and extrinsic factors (e.g., time of day, season, density of conspecifics of same or opposite sex, and temperature) (Aller & Cladwell, ; Bartelt & Jackson, ; Joosse, ; Lorenzo Figuerias et al ., ; Mayhew & Phillips, ; Schaner et al ., ).…”