“…Others, such as the paper of Brownlees and Engle (2017), introduced systemic risk measure (SRISK) to capture the expected capital shortage of a firm given its degree of leverage and marginal expected shortfall (MES) as the expected loss that an equity investor in a financial firm would experience if the overall market declines substantially. There are also alternatives using extreme value theory (EVT) to investigate contagion risk, such as the papers of Rocco (2014), Dias (2014), and Akhter and Daly (2017). Moreover, for comparison among models, Benoit et al (2011) tried to compare the theoretical systemic risk measures, and others, such as Brämer and Gischer (2013), identified the domestic systemically important banks (D-SIBs) in the Australian context using a modified Basel-indicator-based guideline.…”