Sending RNAs into the Future: RNA Localization and Germ Cell Fate

Yi, Zili; King, Mary Lou

doi:10.1080/15216540310001658886

Cited by 68 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Within the 240 nt MCLS are six UGCAC motifs previously shown to be essential for nanos RNA to localize within the MC. The UGCAC sequences likely mediate redundant protein binding to the signal [ 6 , 28 , 29 , 56 ]. In the pull-down assay, Hermes/Rbpms consistently bound the nanos 240 nt-MCLS, but with reduced affinity compared to the full length 3′UTR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hermes (Rbpms) is a Critical Component of RNP Complexes that Sequester Germline RNAs during Oogenesis

Agüero

Kloc

et al. 2016

JDB

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The germ cell lineage in Xenopus is specified by the inheritance of germ plasm that assembles within the mitochondrial cloud or Balbiani body in stage I oocytes. Specific RNAs, such as nanos1, localize to the germ plasm. nanos1 has the essential germline function of blocking somatic gene expression and thus preventing Primordial Germ Cell (PGC) loss and sterility. Hermes/Rbpms protein and nanos RNA co-localize within germinal granules, diagnostic electron dense particles found within the germ plasm. Previous work indicates that nanos accumulates within the germ plasm through a diffusion/entrapment mechanism. Here we show that Hermes/Rbpms interacts with nanos through sequence specific RNA localization signals found in the nanos-3′UTR. Importantly, Hermes/Rbpms specifically binds nanos, but not Vg1 RNA in the nucleus of stage I oocytes. In vitro binding data show that Hermes/Rbpms requires additional factors that are present in stage I oocytes in order to bind nanos1. One such factor may be hnRNP I, identified in a yeast-2-hybrid screen as directly interacting with Hermes/Rbpms. We suggest that Hermes/Rbpms functions as part of a RNP complex in the nucleus that facilitates selection of germline RNAs for germ plasm localization. We propose that Hermes/Rbpms is required for nanos RNA to form within the germinal granules and in this way, participates in the germline specific translational repression and sequestration of nanos RNA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hermes (Rbpms) is a Critical Component of RNP Complexes that Sequester Germline RNAs during Oogenesis

Agüero

Kloc

et al. 2016

JDB

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“…Once at its destination, the localized RNA within the germ plasm is often anchored to the cell cortex. Throughout the localization process, translation must be regulated to avoid ectopic expression (Zhou and King, 2004). In fact, mRNA localization is often tightly coupled with translational regulation, as this can result in activation of translation in specific subcellular regions of a cell.…”

Section: Function Of Rnp Granules In Oocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Regulation of RNP Granule Assembly in Oocytes

Schisa

2012

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology

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In a variety of cell types in plants, animals, and fungi, ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes play critical roles in regulating RNA metabolism. These RNP granules include processing bodies and stress granules that are found broadly across cell types, as well as RNP granules unique to the germline, such as P granules, polar granules, sponge bodies, and germinal granules. This review focuses on RNP granules localized in oocytes of the major model systems, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, Xenopus, mouse, and zebrafish. The signature families of proteins within oocyte RNPs include Vasa and other RNA-binding proteins, decapping activators and enzymes, Argonaute family proteins, and translation initiation complex proteins. This review describes the many recent insights into the dynamics and functions of RNP granules, including their roles in mRNA degradation, mRNA localization, translational regulation, and fertility. The roles of the cytoskeleton and cell organelles in regulating RNP granule assembly are also discussed.

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“…Localization of RNA in oocytes is critical to early embryogenesis, including germline specification by the germplasm (Cuykendall & Houston, 2010, King & Zhou, 2004, Machado et al, 2005. The specification mode of primordial germ cells provides robust evidence of similarities between amphibians and actinopterygii.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of oocyte mRNA localization patterns in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus and African clawed frog Xenopus laevis

et al. 2018

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In oocytes, RNA localization has critical implications, as assembly of proteins in particular subcellular domains is crucial to embryo development. The distribution of mRNA molecules can identify and characterize localized transcripts. The goal of this study was to clarify the origin of primordial germ cells in the oocyte body plan and to reveal the generation of cell lineages by localized RNAs. The distribution of 12 selected mRNAs in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus oocytes was investigated by qPCR tomography and compared with known patterns of mRNA localization in Xenopus laevis. We investigated the distribution of two gene clusters in the ooplasm along the animal-vegetal axis of the sturgeon oocyte, both of which showed clearly defined intracellular gradient pattern remarkably similar to their distribution in the frog oocyte. We elucidated the localization of sturgeon egg germplasm markers belonging to the vegetal group of mRNAs. The mRNAs coding otx1, wnt11, and veg1 found to be localized in the sturgeon animal hemisphere are, in contrast, distributed in the vegetal hemisphere in amphibian. Actinopterygii and Sarcopterygii, two major lineages of osteichthyan vertebrates, split about 476 Ma (Blair & Hedges, ), albeit basal lineages share conserved biological features. Acipenseriformes is one the most basal living lineages of Actinopterygii, having evolved about 200 Ma (Bemis, Birstein, & Waldman, ), contemporaneous with modern amphibians (Roelants et al., ).

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Sending RNAs into the Future: RNA Localization and Germ Cell Fate

Cited by 68 publications

References 77 publications

Hermes (Rbpms) is a Critical Component of RNP Complexes that Sequester Germline RNAs during Oogenesis

Hermes (Rbpms) is a Critical Component of RNP Complexes that Sequester Germline RNAs during Oogenesis

New Insights into the Regulation of RNP Granule Assembly in Oocytes

Comparison of oocyte mRNA localization patterns in sterlet Acipenser ruthenus and African clawed frog Xenopus laevis

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